需求:使用maven+eclipse构建一个spring项目,HelloWorld。
案例开发环境:
操作系统:windows 8.1
eclipse:eclipse-jee-kepler-SR2-win32-x86_64
java:jdk1.7.0_76
maven:apache-maven-3.6.2-bin
工欲善其事必先利其器!
利其器:
这里简单阐述下上述所需软件,操作系统理论上windows主流均可,这里纯属凑文字而已,嗯哼。eclipse使用开普勒绿色版本即可,当然,其他j2ee开发版本的eclipse也行,请君视情况而定。jdk1.7。好了重头戏来了,这里主要围绕maven的安装以及与eclipse关联进行详细讲解。
1.maven下载:http://maven.apache.org/download.cgi
下载后,直接解压在D盘,如下:
配置本地仓库:
2.maven配置环境变量:
3.eclipse关联maven:
help》》Install New Softwares..》》
添加站点:http://download.eclipse.org/technology/m2e/releases/1.6
然后下载,
安装成功后,请重启 eclipse。
善其事:
spring项目构建:
1.创建maven project
2.配置引入spring依赖包
编辑pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.duke.spring</groupId>
<artifactId>springWebProject</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>springWebProject Maven Webapp</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://www.example.com</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
<springversion>3.2.4.RELEASE</springversion>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- spring 核心包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${springversion}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${springversion}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
<version>${springversion}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${springversion}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${springversion}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${springversion}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${springversion}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${springversion}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- servelt包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>springWebProject</finalName>
<pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</plugin>
<!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.22.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.8.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>
然后更新项目,右键项目》》Maven》》Update project (这个过程会下载你刚刚配置这些jar包,你可以去本地仓库查看是否已下载成功)
3.配置web项目
编辑web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app
version="3.0"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application duke</display-name>
<!-- 配置spring 前置控制器-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 初始化参数 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<!--默认是:<param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/[servlet-name]-servlet.xml</param-value>-->
<param-value>classpath*:/spring-mvc-duke.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
4.配置spring:
编辑spring-mvc-duke.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 配置扫描的包,会扫描路径下所有包中含有注解类(如@Controller,@Service) -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.duke.*"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 注册HandlerMapper、HandlerAdapter两个映射类,<mvc:annotation-driven/>会注册这两个类 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- 因为在web.xml中配置了spring拦截所有请求,因此这里需配置<mvc:default-servlet-handler/> 来让静态资源:js、css、jpg等通过 -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 视图解析器,将Controller类返回的视图名加上配置的前后缀进行展示 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
5.将maven引入的依赖添加到项目
右键项目:
6.编写代码
6.1后台java
package com.duke.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value="/test")
public class TestController {
@RequestMapping(value="/hw")
public String helloWorld(){
System.out.println("欢迎来到spring 。");
return "helloWorld";
}
}
6.2前端jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>首页</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="content" style="position:absolute;left:100px;top:100px;font-size:30px;font-weight:bold;font-color:blue;">
HeLLo World!!!
</div>
</body>
</html>
7.部署到tomcat,过于简单就不凑文字赘述了。
8.访问:
大功告成。。。