Java HttpURLConnection 实现文件上传和下载

HttpURLConnection采用模拟浏览器上传的数据格式,上传给服务器
上传代码如下:

package com.util;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Java原生的API可用于发送HTTP请求,即java.net.URL、java.net.URLConnection,这些API很好用、很常用,
 * 但不够简便;
 * 
 * 1.通过统一资源定位器(java.net.URL)获取连接器(java.net.URLConnection) 2.设置请求的参数 3.发送请求
 * 4.以输入流的形式获取返回内容 5.关闭输入流
 * 
 * @author H__D
 *
 */
public class HttpConnectionUtil {


    /**
     * 多文件上传的方法
     * 
     * @param actionUrl:上传的路径
     * @param uploadFilePaths:需要上传的文件路径,数组
     * @return
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("finally")
    public static String uploadFile(String actionUrl, String[] uploadFilePaths) {
        String end = "\r\n";
        String twoHyphens = "--";
        String boundary = "*****";

        DataOutputStream ds = null;
        InputStream inputStream = null;
        InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = null;
        BufferedReader reader = null;
        StringBuffer resultBuffer = new StringBuffer();
        String tempLine = null;

        try {
            // 统一资源
            URL url = new URL(actionUrl);
            // 连接类的父类,抽象类
            URLConnection urlConnection = url.openConnection();
            // http的连接类
            HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) urlConnection;

            // 设置是否从httpUrlConnection读入,默认情况下是true;
            httpURLConnection.setDoInput(true);
            // 设置是否向httpUrlConnection输出
            httpURLConnection.setDoOutput(true);
            // Post 请求不能使用缓存
            httpURLConnection.setUseCaches(false);
            // 设定请求的方法,默认是GET
            httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
            // 设置字符编码连接参数
            httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
            // 设置字符编码
            httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
            // 设置请求内容类型
            httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data;boundary=" + boundary);

            // 设置DataOutputStream
            ds = new DataOutputStream(httpURLConnection.getOutputStream());
            for (int i = 0; i < uploadFilePaths.length; i++) {
                String uploadFile = uploadFilePaths[i];
                String filename = uploadFile.substring(uploadFile.lastIndexOf("//") + 1);
                ds.writeBytes(twoHyphens + boundary + end);
                ds.writeBytes("Content-Disposition: form-data; " + "name=\"file" + i + "\";filename=\"" + filename
                        + "\"" + end);
                ds.writeBytes(end);
                FileInputStream fStream = new FileInputStream(uploadFile);
                int bufferSize = 1024;
                byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferSize];
                int length = -1;
                while ((length = fStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                    ds.write(buffer, 0, length);
                }
                ds.writeBytes(end);
                /* close streams */
                fStream.close();
            }
            ds.writeBytes(twoHyphens + boundary + twoHyphens + end);
            /* close streams */
            ds.flush();
            if (httpURLConnection.getResponseCode() >= 300) {
                throw new Exception(
                        "HTTP Request is not success, Response code is " + httpURLConnection.getResponseCode());
            }

            if (httpURLConnection.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
                inputStream = httpURLConnection.getInputStream();
                inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream);
                reader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);
                tempLine = null;
                resultBuffer = new StringBuffer();
                while ((tempLine = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                    resultBuffer.append(tempLine);
                    resultBuffer.append("\n");
                }
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (ds != null) {
                try {
                    ds.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (reader != null) {
                try {
                    reader.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (inputStreamReader != null) {
                try {
                    inputStreamReader.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (inputStream != null) {
                try {
                    inputStream.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }

            return resultBuffer.toString();
        }
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {

        // 上传文件测试
         String str = uploadFile("http://127.0.0.1:8080/image/image.do",new String[] { "/Users//H__D/Desktop//1.png","//Users/H__D/Desktop/2.png" });
         System.out.println(str);


    }

}

文件下载:

package com.util;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Java原生的API可用于发送HTTP请求,即java.net.URL、java.net.URLConnection,这些API很好用、很常用,
 * 但不够简便;
 * 
 * 1.通过统一资源定位器(java.net.URL)获取连接器(java.net.URLConnection) 2.设置请求的参数 3.发送请求
 * 4.以输入流的形式获取返回内容 5.关闭输入流
 * 
 * @author H__D
 *
 */
public class HttpConnectionUtil {


    /**
     * 
     * @param urlPath
     *            下载路径
     * @param downloadDir
     *            下载存放目录
     * @return 返回下载文件
     */
    public static File downloadFile(String urlPath, String downloadDir) {
        File file = null;
        try {
            // 统一资源
            URL url = new URL(urlPath);
            // 连接类的父类,抽象类
            URLConnection urlConnection = url.openConnection();
            // http的连接类
            HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) urlConnection;
            // 设定请求的方法,默认是GET
            httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
            // 设置字符编码
            httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
            // 打开到此 URL 引用的资源的通信链接(如果尚未建立这样的连接)。
            httpURLConnection.connect();

            // 文件大小
            int fileLength = httpURLConnection.getContentLength();

            // 文件名
            String filePathUrl = httpURLConnection.getURL().getFile();
            String fileFullName = filePathUrl.substring(filePathUrl.lastIndexOf(File.separatorChar) + 1);

            System.out.println("file length---->" + fileLength);

            URLConnection con = url.openConnection();

            BufferedInputStream bin = new BufferedInputStream(httpURLConnection.getInputStream());

            String path = downloadDir + File.separatorChar + fileFullName;
            file = new File(path);
            if (!file.getParentFile().exists()) {
                file.getParentFile().mkdirs();
            }
            OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(file);
            int size = 0;
            int len = 0;
            byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
            while ((size = bin.read(buf)) != -1) {
                len += size;
                out.write(buf, 0, size);
                // 打印下载百分比
                // System.out.println("下载了-------> " + len * 100 / fileLength +
                // "%\n");
            }
            bin.close();
            out.close();
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            return file;
        }

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        // 下载文件测试
        downloadFile("http://localhost:8080/images/1467523487190.png", "/Users/H__D/Desktop");

    }

}

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要使用JavaHttpURLConnection实现上传多个文件,你可以按以下步骤进行操作: 1. 导入必要的类: ```java import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.net.HttpURLConnection; import java.net.URL; ``` 2. 创建一个方法来处理文件上传: ```java public void uploadFiles(String url, String[] filePaths) throws IOException { String boundary = "===" + System.currentTimeMillis() + "==="; String lineBreak = "\r\n"; URL uploadUrl = new URL(url); HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) uploadUrl.openConnection(); connection.setDoOutput(true); connection.setRequestMethod("POST"); connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary); OutputStream outputStream = connection.getOutputStream(); for (String filePath : filePaths) { File file = new File(filePath); FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(file); // 写入文件开始分隔符 outputStream.write((lineBreak + "--" + boundary + lineBreak).getBytes()); // 写入Content-Disposition头部信息 outputStream.write(("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=\"" + file.getName() + "\"" + lineBreak).getBytes()); outputStream.write(("Content-Type: application/octet-stream" + lineBreak).getBytes()); // 写入空行 outputStream.write(lineBreak.getBytes()); // 写入文件内容 byte[] buffer = new byte[4096]; int bytesRead; while ((bytesRead = fileInputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) { outputStream.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead); } fileInputStream.close(); } // 写入结束分隔符 outputStream.write((lineBreak + "--" + boundary + "--" + lineBreak).getBytes()); outputStream.flush(); outputStream.close(); // 获取响应 int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode(); // 根据需要进行处理响应结果 connection.disconnect(); } ``` 3. 调用`uploadFiles`方法,传入要上传的文件路径和目标URL: ```java String url = "http://example.com/upload"; String[] filePaths = {"/path/to/file1", "/path/to/file2"}; uploadFiles(url, filePaths); ``` 在这个示例中,我们首先创建了一个URL对象,并打开了一个HttpURLConnection。然后,我们设置了请求方法为POST,并设置了Content-Type为multipart/form-data,这是用于上传文件的常用类型。 接下来,我们逐个处理每个文件。我们首先写入文件开始的分隔符,并设置文件的Content-Disposition头部信息。然后,我们写入文件的内容。最后,我们写入文件结束的分隔符。 在写入完所有文件后,我们将输出流刷新并关闭连接。然后,我们可以根据需要处理服务器的响应。 这是一个简单的示例,你可以根据需要进行修改和扩展。确保在实际应用中进行适当的异常处理和错误处理。
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