前言：CentOS7的默认yum资源库中没有mysql的安装文件，需要手动获取对应的文件；本次安装的mysql版本号为5.6；
因为mysql安装时的依赖较多，目前为止还是习惯于使用yum进行安装。
本文分为
1：安装mysql
2：mysql初始配置
3：配置防火墙，开放端口
注：CentOS7 默认使用firewall，本次关闭了firewall，启用iptables进行防火墙设置（第三部分详解）
第一部分：安装数据库
step1:查看已有的yum资源库
[root@iZ2zeczh9tfpmxmijw5qppZ mysql]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyuncs.com
* epel: mirrors.aliyuncs.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyuncs.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyuncs.com
repo id repo name status
base/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Base 9,363
epel/x86_64 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 11,808
extras/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Extras 381
updates/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Updates 1,859
repolist: 23,411
step2：获取安装文件
[root@iZ2zeczh9tfpmxmijw5qppZ mysql]# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
--2017-06-20 19:38:43-- http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
Resolving dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)... 137.254.60.11
Connecting to dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)|137.254.60.11|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently
Location: https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm [following]
--2017-06-20 19:38:44-- https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
Connecting to dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)|137.254.60.11|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
Location: https://repo.mysql.com//mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm [following]
--2017-06-20 19:38:45-- https://repo.mysql.com//mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
Resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 23.10.6.195
Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|23.10.6.195|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 6140 (6.0K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
Saving to: 鈥榤ysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm鈥
PS：在做本次手稿的时候，CRT会话忘记了调整编码，中文文本出现了乱码，见谅。
step3:Install
rpm
[root@iZ2zeczh9tfpmxmijw5qppZ mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-release-el7-5 ################################# [100%]yum install
[root@iZ2zeczh9tfpmxmijw5qppZ mysql]# yum install mysql-community-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
mysql-connectors-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00
mysql-tools-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00
mysql56-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00
(1/3): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db | 14 kB 00:00:00
(2/3): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db | 33 kB 00:00:00
(3/3): mysql56-community/x86_64/primary_db | 168 kB 00:00:00
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyuncs.com
* epel: mirrors.aliyuncs.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyuncs.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyuncs.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.36-2.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.6.36-2.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.36-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.6.10 for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.36-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Data::Dumper) for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.36-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(DBI) for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.36-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.36-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.36-2.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libaio.so.1()(64bit) for package: mysql-community-server-5.6.36-2.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libaio.x86_64 0:0.3.109-13.el7 will be installed
step4: Review
yum check
[root@iZ2zeczh9tfpmxmijw5qppZ ~]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyuncs.com
* epel: mirrors.aliyuncs.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyuncs.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyuncs.com
repo id repo name status
!base/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Base 9,363
!epel/x86_64 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 11,808
!extras/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Extras 381
!mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 36
!mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 47
!mysql56-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.6 Community Server 327
!updates/7/x86_64 CentOS-7 - Updates 1,859
repolist: 23,821
[root@iZ2zeczh9tfpmxmijw5qppZ ~]# 对应的新增了
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db
mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db
mysql56-community/x86_64/primary_db
mysql -V
[root@iZ2zeczh9tfpmxmijw5qppZ ~]# mysql -V
mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.6.36, for Linux (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper
[root@iZ2zeczh9tfpmxmijw5qppZ ~]#
[root@iZ2zeczh9tfpmxmijw5qppZ ~]# systemctl enable mysqld
[root@iZ2zeczh9tfpmxmijw5qppZ ~]# 启动mysqld服务
service mysqld restart
第二部分：mysql初始配置
step1: 设置root密码
初次安装mysql后root账户默认是没有密码的
[root@iZ2zeczh9tfpmxmijw5qppZ ~]# mysql -uroot
mysql> set password for ‘root’@‘localhost’ = password('mypasswd');
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
setp2:设置远程账户
这里使用root账户，单独设置远程密码
mysql> use mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'your_range_passwd';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
使用mysql数据库（真正的数据库，而非数据库软件），
将所有数据库的所有表（*.*）的所有权限（all privileges），
授予通过任何ip（%）访问的root用户，
密码为 your_range_passwd，
最后刷新（flush privileges）即可。
step3:开放3306接口用于远程连接
方法一：iptables
修改/etc/sysconfig/iptables，添加下面的记录
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT #允许3306数据库端口通过防火墙
cat /etc/sysconfig/iptables有3306这条信息
service iptables restart
备注：如果规则有不生效的情况试着关闭SELINUX。
方法二：使用默认的firewall
[root@iZ2zeczh9tfpmxmijw5qppZ ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
success
[root@iZ2zeczh9tfpmxmijw5qppZ ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
[root@iZ2zeczh9tfpmxmijw5qppZ ~]# firewall-cmd --state
running
[root@iZ2zeczh9tfpmxmijw5qppZ ~]#
[root@iZ2zeczh9tfpmxmijw5qppZ ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --query-port=3306/tcp
yes
[root@iZ2zeczh9tfpmxmijw5qppZ ~]#
备注：由于CentOS7默认使用firewall，默认没有iptables,也就没有上述的/etc/sysconfig/iptables配置文件。
相比较而言我们更倾向于iptables,需要我们停用firewall和安装iptables；
CentOS7停用firewall和安装使用iptables相关文章：
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