莺尾花分类

莺尾花数据集

from sklearn.datasets import load_iris
iris_dataset = load_iris()
print(type(iris_dataset))
<class 'sklearn.utils.Bunch'>

数据集_键值描述

键名称对应值含义
DESCR数据集的简要说明
target_names是一个字符串数组
包含要预测的花的品种
feature_names是一个字符串列表
对每一个特征进行了说明
data花萼长度、花萼宽度、花瓣长度、花瓣宽度
target花朵的品种
0: setosa
1: versicolor
2: virginica
print("***********************************************************")
print("keys of iris_dataset: \n{}".format(iris_dataset.keys()))
print("***********************************************************")
print(iris_dataset['DESCR'])
print("***********************************************************")
print("Target names: \n{}".format(iris_dataset['target_names']))
print("***********************************************************")
print("Feature names: \n{}".format(iris_dataset['feature_names']))
print("***********************************************************")
print("Type of data: \{}".format(type(iris_dataset['data'])))
print("***********************************************************")
print("Shape of data: \n{}".format(iris_dataset['data'].shape))
print("***********************************************************")
print("First five rows of data: \n{}".format(iris_dataset['data'][:5]))
print("***********************************************************")
print("Type of target: \n{}".format(iris_dataset['target']))
print("***********************************************************")
print("Shape of target: \n{}".format(iris_dataset['target'].shape))
print("***********************************************************")
print("Target: \n{}".format(iris_dataset['target']))
***********************************************************
keys of iris_dataset: 
dict_keys(['data', 'target', 'frame', 'target_names', 'DESCR', 'feature_names', 'filename'])
***********************************************************
.. _iris_dataset:

Iris plants dataset
--------------------

**Data Set Characteristics:**

    :Number of Instances: 150 (50 in each of three classes)
    :Number of Attributes: 4 numeric, predictive attributes and the class
    :Attribute Information:
        - sepal length in cm
        - sepal width in cm
        - petal length in cm
        - petal width in cm
        - class:
                - Iris-Setosa
                - Iris-Versicolour
                - Iris-Virginica
                
    :Summary Statistics:

    ============== ==== ==== ======= ===== ====================
                    Min  Max   Mean    SD   Class Correlation
    ============== ==== ==== ======= ===== ====================
    sepal length:   4.3  7.9   5.84   0.83    0.7826
    sepal width:    2.0  4.4   3.05   0.43   -0.4194
    petal length:   1.0  6.9   3.76   1.76    0.9490  (high!)
    petal width:    0.1  2.5   1.20   0.76    0.9565  (high!)
    ============== ==== ==== ======= ===== ====================

    :Missing Attribute Values: None
    :Class Distribution: 33.3% for each of 3 classes.
    :Creator: R.A. Fisher
    :Donor: Michael Marshall (MARSHALL%PLU@io.arc.nasa.gov)
    :Date: July, 1988

The famous Iris database, first used by Sir R.A. Fisher. The dataset is taken
from Fisher's paper. Note that it's the same as in R, but not as in the UCI
Machine Learning Repository, which has two wrong data points.

This is perhaps the best known database to be found in the
pattern recognition literature.  Fisher's paper is a classic in the field and
is referenced frequently to this day.  (See Duda & Hart, for example.)  The
data set contains 3 classes of 50 instances each, where each class refers to a
type of iris plant.  One class is linearly separable from the other 2; the
latter are NOT linearly separable from each other.

.. topic:: References

   - Fisher, R.A. "The use of multiple measurements in taxonomic problems"
     Annual Eugenics, 7, Part II, 179-188 (1936); also in "Contributions to
     Mathematical Statistics" (John Wiley, NY, 1950).
   - Duda, R.O., & Hart, P.E. (1973) Pattern Classification and Scene Analysis.
     (Q327.D83) John Wiley & Sons.  ISBN 0-471-22361-1.  See page 218.
   - Dasarathy, B.V. (1980) "Nosing Around the Neighborhood: A New System
     Structure and Classification Rule for Recognition in Partially Exposed
     Environments".  IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine
     Intelligence, Vol. PAMI-2, No. 1, 67-71.
   - Gates, G.W. (1972) "The Reduced Nearest Neighbor Rule".  IEEE Transactions
     on Information Theory, May 1972, 431-433.
   - See also: 1988 MLC Proceedings, 54-64.  Cheeseman et al"s AUTOCLASS II
     conceptual clustering system finds 3 classes in the data.
   - Many, many more ...
***********************************************************
Target names: 
['setosa' 'versicolor' 'virginica']
***********************************************************
Feature names: 
['sepal length (cm)', 'sepal width (cm)', 'petal length (cm)', 'petal width (cm)']
***********************************************************
Type of data: \<class 'numpy.ndarray'>
***********************************************************
Shape of data: 
(150, 4)
***********************************************************
First five rows of data: 
[[5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2]
 [4.9 3.  1.4 0.2]
 [4.7 3.2 1.3 0.2]
 [4.6 3.1 1.5 0.2]
 [5.  3.6 1.4 0.2]]
***********************************************************
Type of target: 
[0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
 2 2]
***********************************************************
Shape of target: 
(150,)
***********************************************************
Target: 
[0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
 2 2]

数据集可视化

import pandas as pd
import mglearn
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from sklearn.datasets import load_iris
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
iris_dataset = load_iris()
X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(iris_dataset['data'], iris_dataset['target'], random_state=0)
iris_dataframe = pd.DataFrame(X_train, columns=iris_dataset.feature_names)
grr = pd.plotting.scatter_matrix(iris_dataframe, c=y_train, figsize=(15,15), marker='o', hist_kwds={'bins':20},s=60, alpha=.8, cmap=mglearn.cm3)

plt.savefig("散点图.png")

在这里插入图片描述

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