JAVA--(3)基本程序设计结构:控制流程

条件语句

if(yourSales >= target){
	performance = "Satisfactory"
	Bonus = 100;
}

if (yourSales >= target){
	performance = "Satisfactory"
	Bonus = 100;
}
else{
	performance = "Unsatisfactory"
	Bonus = 0;
}

if...elseif...else

if (yourSales >= 2*target){
	performance = "Excellent";
	Bonus = 1000;
}
else if (yourSales >= 1.5*target){
	performance = "Fine";
	Bonus = 500;
}
else if (yourSales >= target){
	performance = "Satisfactory";
	Bonus = 100;
}
else{
	System.out.println("You're fired");
}

多重选择 switch

switch(choice)
{
	case 1:
		...
		break;
	case 2:
		...
		break;
	case 3:
		...
		break;
	case 4:
		...
		break;
	default:
		...
		break;
}

循环

while

当条件为 true，while循环执行一个语句块
当条件为 false, while循环体一次也不执行

while(balance < goal){
	balance += payment;
	double interest = balance * interestRate / 100;
	balance += interest;
	years ++;
}

do/while

先执行一次语法块，再检测循环条件；然后重复语句，再检测循环条件，以此类推

do{
	balance += payment;
	double interest = balance * interestRate / 100;
	balance += interest;
	years ++;
}
while( balance < goal )

for

for(int i=1; i<= 10; i++)  //迭代10次

中断流程

break

while(years <= 100){
	balance += payment;
	double interest = balance * interestRate / 100;
	balance += interest;
	if(balance >= goal) break;
	years++;
}

如果在循环体中 balance>= goal, 则退出循环语句

continue

continue 语句将控制转移到最内层循环的首部

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
while(sum < goal){
	System.out.println(Enter a number: ");
	n=in.nextInt();
	if(n<0)	continue;
	sum += n;
}

如果 n<0, 则 continue语句越过了当前循环体的剩余部分，立刻跳到循环首部

标签

标签必须放在需要跳出的最外层循环之前，并且必须紧跟一个冒号(:)

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
int n;
read_data:	//标签
while(...){
	for(...){
		System.out.print("Enter a number >= 0: ");
		n = in.nextInt();
		if(n<0) break read_data:
		...
	}
}

如果输入有误，通过执行带标签的 break 跳转到带标签的语句块末尾