最近在VMware上部署Hadoop,发现以前没有记录相关Linux的配置问题,这里记录一下:
命令行下配置IP地址有两种方式:
1、动态配置,再重启网卡后配置失效还原为默认的配置地址(即此方式不修改网卡配置文件)
2、静态配置,配置后只要配置文件还在,则永久生效。
以下为配置方法:
1、动态配置ip
a. 查看机器的IP地址: ifconfig , 以eth 或 en(Ethernet的简写)开头的表示网卡,通常为eth0,代表第一张网卡,如有多个eth,如:etho、eth1 等,则代表有两张网卡,以此类推。
b. 这里因为我使用的是虚拟机安装的CentOS 7 ,在安装时并没有去修改网络配置,所以我的虚拟网卡的名称为:eno16777736
c. 命令行下输入 ifconfig eno16777736 192.168.162.3 不指定子网掩码则使用原有默认的掩码
d. 再次输入ifconfig 会发现其网卡地址(IP地址)已被设置为了 192.168.162.3 如下为,命名后显示的内容:
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
eno16777736: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.162.3 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.162.255
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe9d:881d prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:9d:88:1d txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 1380 bytes 109783 (107.2 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 857 bytes 526344 (514.0 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 0 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 10 bytes 844 (844.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 10 bytes 844 (844.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
virbr0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.122.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.122.255
ether 52:54:00:b5:5c:72 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
e. 带掩码和网关的IP动态配置命令:
A. 设置IP和掩码
ifconfig eth-? IP-addr netmask netmask-addr 如:
ifconfig eno16777736 192.168.162.3 netmask 255.255.255.0
B. 设置网关
route add default gw gateway-addr 如:
route add default gw 192.168.162.1
2、静态配置IP,vi 你的对应网卡的配置文件,如:
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno16777736
打开后如下:
TYPE="Ethernet"
BOOTPROTO="dhcp"
DEFROUTE="yes"
PEERDNS="yes"
PEERROUTES="yes"
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6INIT="yes"
IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"
IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV6_PEERDNS="yes"
IPV6_PEERROUTES="yes"
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
NAME="eno16777736"
UUID="4d5237a8-97d6-4703-a58d-177e47729cb1"
DEVICE="eno16777736"
ONBOOT="yes"
~
-----------------------------------
配置参考:
BOOTPROTO="static" #dhcp改为static
ONBOOT="yes" #开机启用本配置
IPADDR=192.168.7.106 #静态IP
GATEWAY=192.168.7.1 #默认网关
NETMASK=255.255.255.0 #子网掩码
DNS1=192.168.7.1 #DNS 配置
----------------------------------
做如下配置,如没有则添加,配置后如下:
TYPE="Ethernet"
BOOTPROTO="static"
DEFROUTE="yes"
PEERDNS="yes"
PEERROUTES="yes"
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6INIT="yes"
IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"
IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV6_PEERDNS="yes"
IPV6_PEERROUTES="yes"
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
NAME="eno16777736"
UUID="4d5237a8-97d6-4703-a58d-177e47729cb1"
DEVICE="eno16777736"
ONBOOT="yes"
IPADDR=192.168.162.3
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
配置完成重启机器(虚拟机)或者 重启一下网络服务即生效,命令为:service network restart