SpringBoot----Spring Boot 定时任务

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-18 22:49:50 发布

Miracle_Gaaral

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-18 22:49:50 发布

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分类专栏： SpringBoot

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Miracle_Gaaral/article/details/102934980

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一、 Scheduled 定时任务器

Scheduled 定时任务器：是 Spring3.0 以后自带的一个定时任务器。

1 在 pom 文件中添加 Scheduled 的坐标

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
    <version>2.2.0.RELEASE</version>
  </parent>
  <groupId>com.kennosaur</groupId>
  <artifactId>springboot-scheduled</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  
  <dependencies>
  	<!-- springBoot的启动器 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!-- springBoot的启动器 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 添加Scheduled坐标 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>  
</project>

2 编写定时任务类-----@Scheduled(cron="0/2 * * * * ?")

package com.kennosaur.scheduled;

import java.util.Date;

import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * Scheduled定时任务
 *
 *
 */
@Component
public class ScheduledDemo {

	/**
	 * 定时任务方法
	 * @Scheduled:设置定时任务
	 * cron属性：cron表达式。定时任务触发是时间的一个字符串表达形式
	 */
	@Scheduled(cron="0/2 * * * * ?")
	public void scheduledMethod(){
		System.out.println("定时器被触发"+new Date());
	}
}

3 在启动类中开启定时任务的使用--------@EnableScheduling

package com.kennosaur;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;

/**
 * 
 *Scheduled
 *
 */
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableScheduling
public class App {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
	}
}

4 cron 表达式讲解

Cron 表达式的时间字段除允许设置数值外，还可使用一些特殊的字符，提供列表、范围、通配符等功能，细说如下：

二、 Spring Boot 整合 Quartz 定时任务框架

1 Quartz 的介绍以及 Quartz 的使用思路

2 Quartz 的基本使用方式

2.1创建项目----普通jar的maven工程即可

2.2修改 pom 文件添加 Quartz 的坐标

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
			<artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
		</dependency>

2.3创建 Job 类

package com.kennosaur.quartz;

import java.util.Date;

import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;

/**
 * 定义任务类
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class QuartzDemo implements Job {

	/**
	 * 任务被触发时所执行的方法
	 */
	@Override
	public void execute(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException {
		System.out.println("Execute...."+new Date());
	}

}

2.4编写测试代码

package com.kennosaur.quartz;

import org.quartz.CronScheduleBuilder;
import org.quartz.JobBuilder;
import org.quartz.JobDetail;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.SchedulerException;
import org.quartz.SimpleScheduleBuilder;
import org.quartz.Trigger;
import org.quartz.TriggerBuilder;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;

public class QuartzMain {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

		// 1.创建Job对象：你要做什么事？
		JobDetail job = JobBuilder.newJob(QuartzDemo.class).build();

		/**
		 * 简单的trigger触发时间：通过Quartz提供一个方法来完成简单的重复调用 cron
		 * Trigger：按照Cron的表达式来给定触发的时间
		 */
		// 2.创建Trigger对象：在什么时间做？
//		Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
//				.withSchedule(SimpleScheduleBuilder.repeatSecondlyForever())
//				.build();
		
		
		Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
				.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/2 * * * * ?"))
				.build();

		// 3.创建Scheduler对象：在什么时间做什么事？
		Scheduler scheduler = StdSchedulerFactory.getDefaultScheduler();
		scheduler.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
		
		//启动
		scheduler.start();
	}

}

3 .Spring Boot 整合 Quartz 定时框架

3.1修改 pom 文件添加坐标

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.2.0.RELEASE</version>
	</parent>
	<groupId>com.kennosaur</groupId>
	<artifactId>springboot-scheduled</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

	<dependencies>
		<!-- springBoot的启动器 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<!-- springBoot的启动器 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		
		<!-- Quartz坐标 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
			<artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
			<!--<version>2.3.2</version>-->
			<exclusions>
				<exclusion>
					<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
					<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
				</exclusion>
			</exclusions>
		</dependency>

		<!-- 添加Scheduled坐标 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<!-- Sprng tx 坐标 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
		</dependency>

	</dependencies>
</project>

3.2编写 Quartz 的启动类

package com.kennosaur.config;

import org.quartz.SchedulerFactory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SimpleTriggerFactoryBean;

import com.kennosaur.quartz.QuartzDemo;

/**
 * Quartz配置类
 *
 *
 */
@Configuration
public class QuartzConfig {

	
	/**
	 * 1.创建Job对象
	 */
	@Bean
	public JobDetailFactoryBean jobDetailFactoryBean(){
		JobDetailFactoryBean factory = new JobDetailFactoryBean();
		//关联我们自己的Job类
		factory.setJobClass(QuartzDemo.class);
		return factory;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 2.创建Trigger对象
	 * 简单的Trigger
	 */
//	@Bean
//	public SimpleTriggerFactoryBean simpleTriggerFactoryBean(JobDetailFactoryBean jobDetailFactoryBean){
//		SimpleTriggerFactoryBean factory = new SimpleTriggerFactoryBean();
//		//关联JobDetail对象
//		factory.setJobDetail(jobDetailFactoryBean.getObject());
//		//该参数表示一个执行的毫秒数
//		factory.setRepeatInterval(2000);
//		//重复次数
//		factory.setRepeatCount(5);
//		return factory;
//	}
	
	/**
	 * Cron Trigger
	 */
	
	  @Bean 
	  public CronTriggerFactoryBean cronTriggerFactoryBean(JobDetailFactoryBean jobDetailFactoryBean){
		  CronTriggerFactoryBean factory = new CronTriggerFactoryBean();
		  factory.setJobDetail(jobDetailFactoryBean.getObject()); //设置触发时间
		  factory.setCronExpression("0/2 * * * * ?"); 
		  return factory; 
	  }
	 
	
	/**
	 * 3.创建Scheduler对象
	 */
	@Bean
	public SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean(CronTriggerFactoryBean cronTriggerFactoryBean){
		SchedulerFactoryBean factory = new SchedulerFactoryBean();
		//关联trigger
//		factory.setTriggers(simpleTriggerFactoryBean.getObject());		
		factory.setTriggers(cronTriggerFactoryBean.getObject());		
		return factory;
	}
}

3.3修改启动类

package com.kennosaur;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;

/**
 * 
 *Scheduled
 *
 */
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableScheduling
public class App {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
	}
}

4 Job 类中注入对象

package com.kennosaur.service;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class UsersService {
	public void addUsers() {
		System.out.println("Add Users....");
	}
}

package com.kennosaur.quartz;

import java.util.Date;

import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import com.kennosaur.service.UsersService;

/**
 * 定义任务类
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class QuartzDemo implements Job {
	
	@Autowired
	private UsersService usersService;

	/**
	 * 任务被触发时所执行的方法
	 */
	@Override
	public void execute(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException {
		System.out.println("Execute...."+new Date());
		this.usersService.addUsers();
	}

}

4.1注入时会产生异常--------因为UsersService 在QuartzDemo中没有被注入到springIOC容器中

AdaptableJobFactory中的createJobInstance是通过反射完成实例化的

4.2编写一个 MyAdaptableJobFactory 解决该问题

package com.kennosaur.config;

import org.quartz.spi.TriggerFiredBundle;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.AutowireCapableBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.AdaptableJobFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component("myAdaptableJobFactory")
public class MyAdaptableJobFactory extends AdaptableJobFactory {

	//AutowireCapableBeanFactory 可以将一个对象添加到SpringIOC容器中，并且完成该对象注入
	@Autowired
	private AutowireCapableBeanFactory autowireCapableBeanFactory;
	
	/**
	 * 该方法需要将实例化的任务对象手动的添加到springIOC容器中并且完成对象的注入
	 */
	@Override
	protected Object createJobInstance(TriggerFiredBundle bundle) throws Exception {
		Object obj = super.createJobInstance(bundle);
		//将obj对象添加Spring IOC容器中，并完成注入
		this.autowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireBean(obj);
		return obj;
	}

}

4.3修改 QuartzConfig 类

factory.setJobFactory(myAdaptableJobFactory);

package com.kennosaur.config;

import org.quartz.SchedulerFactory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.JobDetailFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SimpleTriggerFactoryBean;

import com.kennosaur.quartz.QuartzDemo;

/**
 * Quartz配置类
 *
 *
 */
@Configuration
public class QuartzConfig {

	
	/**
	 * 1.创建Job对象
	 */
	@Bean
	public JobDetailFactoryBean jobDetailFactoryBean(){
		JobDetailFactoryBean factory = new JobDetailFactoryBean();
		//关联我们自己的Job类
		factory.setJobClass(QuartzDemo.class);
		return factory;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 2.创建Trigger对象
	 * 简单的Trigger
	 */
//	@Bean
//	public SimpleTriggerFactoryBean simpleTriggerFactoryBean(JobDetailFactoryBean jobDetailFactoryBean){
//		SimpleTriggerFactoryBean factory = new SimpleTriggerFactoryBean();
//		//关联JobDetail对象
//		factory.setJobDetail(jobDetailFactoryBean.getObject());
//		//该参数表示一个执行的毫秒数
//		factory.setRepeatInterval(2000);
//		//重复次数
//		factory.setRepeatCount(5);
//		return factory;
//	}
	
	/**
	 * Cron Trigger
	 */
	
	  @Bean 
	  public CronTriggerFactoryBean cronTriggerFactoryBean(JobDetailFactoryBean jobDetailFactoryBean){
		  CronTriggerFactoryBean factory = new CronTriggerFactoryBean();
		  factory.setJobDetail(jobDetailFactoryBean.getObject()); //设置触发时间
		  factory.setCronExpression("0/2 * * * * ?"); 
		  return factory; 
	  }
	 
	
	/**
	 * 3.创建Scheduler对象
	 */
	@Bean
	public SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean(CronTriggerFactoryBean cronTriggerFactoryBean,MyAdaptableJobFactory myAdaptableJobFactory){
		SchedulerFactoryBean factory = new SchedulerFactoryBean();
		//关联trigger
//		factory.setTriggers(simpleTriggerFactoryBean.getObject());		
		factory.setTriggers(cronTriggerFactoryBean.getObject());	
		factory.setJobFactory(myAdaptableJobFactory);
		return factory;
	}
}

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SpringBoot----Spring Boot 定时任务

一、 Scheduled 定时任务器Scheduled 定时任务器：是 Spring3.0 以后自带的一个定时任务器。1 在 pom 文件中添加 Scheduled 的坐标<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"...
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