1.一键二进制安装mariadb10.5(支持centos7、8两个版本)
#!/bin/bash
#定义变量
a=mariadb-10.5.5-linux-systemd-x86_64
b=$a.tar.gz
#判断有无MySQL二进制包,若无则下载,由于此脚本不够完善centos8中请注释掉判断语句,自行判断
which wget &> /dev/null ||yum -y install wget &> /dev/null
echo -e "\e[1;32m=====正在部署中,请耐心等待=====\e[0m"
find / -name "$b" || xargs tar -xf -C /usr/local > /dev/null|| wget https://downloads.mariadb.org/interstitial/mariadb-10.5.5/bintar-linux-systemd-x86_64/$b >/dev/null #centos8请注释
#wget https://downloads.mariadb.org/interstitial/mariadb-10.5.5/bintar-linux-systemd-x86_64/$b &>/dev/null #若无安装包请启用
tar -xf $b -C /usr/local &> /dev/null
id mysql &> /dev/null || useradd -r -u 306 -s /sbin/nologin mysql
mkdir -p /data/mysql;chown mysql:mysql /data/mysql;chmod -R 755 /data/mysql/
sleep 1
cd /usr/local;ln -s $a mysql;chown -R root:root mysql/
#写配置文件
echo '[mysqld]
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/data/mysql/mysqld.log
skip_name_resolve = on
[client]
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock' > /etc/my.cnf
#安装相关包并执行数据脚本文件
yum -y install libaio libncurses* > /dev/null
cd /usr/local/mysql;./scripts/mariadb-install-db --datadir=/data/mysql --user=mysql >/dev/null
#准备启动文件并启动服务
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/systemd/mariadb.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
ln -s /data/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock &> /dev/null
systemctl daemon-reload &> /dev/null
systemctl enable --now mariadb &> /dev/null
#安全加固
cd /usr/local/mysql;echo -e "\ny\ny\n123456\n123456\ny\ny\ny\ny\n">a.txt;./bin/mariadb-secure-installation < a.txt &> /dev/null
echo -e "\e[1;32m=====MySQL安装并启动成功=====\e[0m"
echo -e "\e[1;31m=====初始密码为:123456请自行修改=====\e[0m"
echo -e "\e[1;32m请执行该命令:source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh即可通过mysql打开数据库\e[0m"
3-5题表
2.简述Event 事件介绍以及它的优缺点
Event事件:事件是MySQL在相应的时刻调用的过程式数据库对象。一个事件可调用一次,也可周期性的启动,它由一个特定的线程来管理的,也就是所谓的“事件调度器”。
优点:一些对数据定时性操作不再依赖外部程序,而直接使用数据库本身提供的功能,可以实现每秒钟 执行一个任务,这在一些对实时性要求较高的环境下就非常实用。
缺点:缺点:定时触发,不可以直接调用
3、在 students 表中,查询年龄大于25岁,且为男性的同学的名字和年龄
MariaDB [work]> select Name,Age from students where Gender='M' having age > 25;
+--------------+-----+
| Name | Age |
+--------------+-----+
| Xie Yanke | 53 |
| Ding Dian | 32 |
| Yu Yutong | 26 |
| Shi Qing | 46 |
| Tian Boguang | 33 |
| Xu Xian | 27 |
| Sun Dasheng | 100 |
+--------------+-----+
7 rows in set (0.000 sec)
4、在 students 表中,以 ClassID 为分组依据,查询显示每组的平均年龄
MariaDB [work]> select cid,avg(Age) from (select ClassID cid,Age from students where ClassID is not null) as avgage group by cid ;
+------+----------+
| cid | avg(Age) |
+------+----------+
| 1 | 20.5000 |
| 2 | 36.0000 |
| 3 | 20.2500 |
| 4 | 24.7500 |
| 5 | 46.0000 |
| 6 | 20.7500 |
| 7 | 19.6667 |
+------+----------+
7 rows in set (0.001 sec)
5、显示第4题中平均年龄大于30的分组及平均年龄
MariaDB [work]> select * from(select cid,avg(Age) age from (select ClassID cid,Age from students where ClassID is not null)as s group by cid) as x where age >30;
+------+---------+
| cid | age |
+------+---------+
| 2 | 36.0000 |
| 5 | 46.0000 |
+------+---------+
2 rows in set (0.001 sec)