236. Lowest Common Ancestor of a Binary Tree
Difficulty: Medium
Given a binary tree, find the lowest common ancestor (LCA) of two given nodes in the tree.
According to the : “The lowest common ancestor is defined between two nodes p and q as the lowest node in T that has both p and q as descendants (where we allow a node to be a descendant of itself).”
Given the following binary tree: root = [3,5,1,6,2,0,8,null,null,7,4]
Example 1:
Input: root = [3,5,1,6,2,0,8,null,null,7,4], p = 5, q = 1
Output: 3
Explanation: The LCA of nodes 5 and 1 is 3.
Example 2:
Input: root = [3,5,1,6,2,0,8,null,null,7,4], p = 5, q = 4
Output: 5
Explanation: The LCA of nodes 5 and 4 is 5, since a node can be a descendant of itself according to the LCA definition.
Note:
- All of the nodes’ values will be unique.
- p and q are different and both values will exist in the binary tree.
Solution
思路
递归方法,分别遍历左右子树,如果左子树不存在返回右子树,反之。两者均不存在,返回root
。
Language: C++
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* struct TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode *left;
* TreeNode *right;
* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
TreeNode* lowestCommonAncestor(TreeNode* root, TreeNode* p, TreeNode* q) {
if (!root || root->val == p->val || root->val == q->val) return root;
TreeNode *treeLeft = lowestCommonAncestor(root->left, p, q);
TreeNode *treeRight = lowestCommonAncestor(root->right, p, q);
if (!treeLeft)
return treeRight;
else if (!treeRight)
return treeLeft;
else
return root;
}
};