MySQL逻辑备份练习
环境准备:
库:
create database school;
表:
CREATE TABLE student (
id INT(10) NOT NULL UNIQUE PRIMARY KEY ,
name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL ,
sex VARCHAR(4) ,
birth YEAR,
department VARCHAR(20) ,
address VARCHAR(50)
);
CREATE TABLE score (
id INT(10) NOT NULL UNIQUE PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT ,
stu_id INT(10) NOT NULL ,
c_name VARCHAR(20) ,
grade INT(10)
);
数据:
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 901,'张老大', '男',1985,'计算机系', '北京市海淀区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 902,'张老二', '男',1986,'中文系', '北京市昌平区');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 903,'张三', '女',1990,'中文系', '湖南省永州市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 904,'李四', '男',1990,'英语系', '辽宁省阜新市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 905,'王五', '女',1991,'英语系', '福建省厦门市');
INSERT INTO student VALUES( 906,'王六', '男',1988,'计算机系', '湖南省衡阳市');
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '计算机',98);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,901, '英语', 80);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '计算机',65);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,902, '中文',88);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,903, '中文',95);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '计算机',70);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,904, '英语',92);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,905, '英语',94);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '计算机',90);
INSERT INTO score VALUES(NULL,906, '英语',85);
备份:
备份数据库school到/backup目录
mysqldump -h localhost -u root -p'Redhat@123' -B school > /backup/school.sql
备份MySQL数据库未带删除表的格式,能够让该备份覆盖已有数据库而不需要手动删除原有数据库
mysqldump -h localhost -u root -p'Redhat@123' -B school --add-drop-database > /backup/school_autodropdb.sql
直接将MySQL数据库压缩备份
mysqldump -h localhost -u root -p'Redhat@123' -B school | gzip > /backup/school.gz
备份MySQL数据库某个(些)表。此例备份student表
mysqldump -u root -p'Redhat@123' school student > /backup/school_tab.sql
同时备份多个MySQL数据库(其他数据库素材自行准备)
mysqldump -u root -p'Redhat@123' -B school emp > /backup/all_db.sql
仅仅备份数据库结构
mysqldump -u root -p'Redhat@123' -d school > /backup/school_nodata.sql
备份服务器上所有数据库
mysqldump -u root -p'Redhat@123' -A > /backup/all_dbs.sql
还原MySQL数据库
mysql> drop database school;
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> source /backup/school.sql
mysql> select * from school.student;
+-----+-----------+------+-------+--------------+--------------------+
| id | name | sex | birth | department | address |
+-----+-----------+------+-------+--------------+--------------------+
| 901 | 张老大 | 男 | 1985 | 计算机系 | 北京市海淀区 |
| 902 | 张老二 | 男 | 1986 | 中文系 | 北京市昌平区 |
| 903 | 张三 | 女 | 1990 | 中文系 | 湖南省永州市 |
| 904 | 李四 | 男 | 1990 | 英语系 | 辽宁省阜新市 |
| 905 | 王五 | 女 | 1991 | 英语系 | 福建省厦门市 |
| 906 | 王六 | 男 | 1988 | 计算机系 | 湖南省衡阳市 |
+-----+-----------+------+-------+--------------+--------------------+
还原压缩的MySQL数据库
gunzip < school.gz | mysql -uroot -pRedhat@123
使用xtrabackup 备份数据库:
innobackupex --user=root --password=Redhat@123 /backup/xtrbak/
[root@devops backup]
total 12340
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 426 Jul 22 17:33 backup-my.cnf
drwxr-x---. 2 root root 20 Jul 22 17:33 emp
drwxr-x---. 2 root root 20 Jul 22 17:33 gtid
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 332 Jul 22 17:33 ib_buffer_pool
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 12582912 Jul 22 17:33 ibdata1
drwxr-x---. 2 root root 4096 Jul 22 17:33 mysql
drwxr-x---. 2 root root 8192 Jul 22 17:33 performance_schema
drwxr-x---. 2 root root 92 Jul 22 17:33 school
drwxr-x---. 2 root root 8192 Jul 22 17:33 sys
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 22 Jul 22 17:33 xtrabackup_binlog_info
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 113 Jul 22 17:33 xtrabackup_checkpoints
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 472 Jul 22 17:33 xtrabackup_info
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 2560 Jul 22 17:33 xtrabackup_logfile
在另外的数据库服务器上还原xtrabackup 备份
[root@devops2]
[root@devops2]
[root@devops2]
[root@devops2]
[root@devops2]
[root@devops2]
使用mydumper备份数据库
mydumper -u root -p 'Redhat@123' -B school -o /backup/dumperbackup/first
使用mydumper恢复数据库
myloader -u root -p 密码 -d /backup/myschool/ -o -B school