Onedrive For Business使用python上传文件

起因

因为之前白嫖了一个E5的5T想着不做网盘真的是白瞎了，但是由于oneindex年久失修，最后选择了SpencerWoo大佬的onedrive-vercel-index，但是由于是托管在vercel上面的，没办法像oneindex那样上传文件，就导致我很烦，于是便综合起来网上的教程和微软的Azure Active Directory文档写了一个基于onedrive for business的小例子。

开发流程

• 向 Azure Active Directory (AAD) 注册的客户端 ID 和密钥（客户端密码）
• 从 OAuth 2 授权代码流收到的授权代码
• OneDrive for Business API 终结点 URL
• OneDrive for Business 资源的访问令牌
• 在当前令牌到期时生成其他访问令牌的刷新令牌。

开始对接

客户端id和密钥使用过oneindex的小伙伴应该都知道怎么设置，这里就不多介绍，除此之外设置一个回调的uri就可以了，我使用的是“localhost:8400”

获取access_token

onedrive for business使用的是标准的Oauth2流程，所以大概流程就是先获取code，使用code交换access_token，然后就可以调用api了，这里先贴出获取code以及交换access_token的代码：

def get_token(self, url):
    code = parse_qs(urlparse(url).query).get('code')[0]
    data = {
        'client_id': self.client_id,
        'redirect_uri': self.redirect_uri,
        'client_secret': self.client_secret,
        'code': code,
        'grant_type': 'authorization_code',
        'resource': self.resource_uri
    }
    resp = requests.post(self.oauth2_uri, headers=self.header, data=data).json()
    return self.save_token(resp)

def refresh_token(self):
    token = self.read_token(only_read=True)
    data = {
        'client_id': self.client_id,
        'redirect_uri': self.redirect_uri,
        'client_secret': self.client_secret,
        'refresh_token': token['refresh_token'],
        'grant_type': 'refresh_token',
        'resource': 'https://graph.microsoft.com'
    }
    resp = requests.post(self.oauth2_uri, headers=self.header, data=data).json()
    return self.save_token(resp)

onedrive上传文件

获取到了token之后，就可以去调用onedrive for business相关的代码了，由于大于4MB的文件需要创建会话去分片上传，所以这里我写了两个上传方法，大概代码如下：

def get_path(self, path, op):
    if path[0] == '/': path = path[1:]
    if path[-1] == '/': path = path[:-1]
    if op[0] == '/': op = op[1:]
    return self.onedrive_uri + '/root:/backup/{}:/{}'.format(path, op)

def create_folder(self, path):
    path = list(filter(None, path.split('/')))
    pa = '/'.join(path[:len(path) - 1])
    name = path[len(path) - 1]
    data = json.dumps({
        "name": name,
        "folder": {},
    })
    r = requests.post(self.get_path(pa, 'children'), headers=self.header, data=data)
    return r.status_code

def upload_url(self, path, conflict="fail"):
    r = requests.post(self.get_path(
        path, 'createUploadSession'
    ), headers=self.header)
    if r.status_code == 200:
        return r.json()['uploadUrl']
    else:
        return ""

def upload_file(self, path, data):
    size = len(data)
    if size > 4000000:
        return self.upload_big_file(path, data)
    else:
        r = requests.put(self.get_path(path, 'content'), headers=self.header, data=data)
        if 'error' in r:
            return "上传失败"
        return "上传成功"

def upload_big_file(self, path, data):
    url = self.upload_url(path)
    if url == "":
        return "上传取消"
    size = len(data)
    chunk_size = 3276800
    file_name = path.split('/')[len(path.split('/')) - 1]
    pbar = tqdm(total=size, leave=False, unit='B', unit_scale=True, desc=file_name)
    for i in range(0, size, chunk_size):
        chunk_data = data[i:i + chunk_size]
        pbar.update(len(chunk_data))
        r = requests.put(url, headers={
            'Content-Length': str(len(chunk_data)),
            'Content-Range': 'bytes {}-{}/{}'.format(i, i + len(chunk_data) - 1, size)
        }, data=chunk_data)
        if r.status_code not in [200, 201, 202]:
            print("上传出错")
            break

遇到的几个坑

1. 终结点是https://graph.microsoft.com
2. onedrive的请求api是https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/me/drive，但是文档中以及网上教程写的是https://graph.microsoft.com/me/drive，这也是我认为比较坑的一点
3. secret需要复制“值”，而不是“机密ID”

完整代码

[hide]

class onedrive:

    def __init__(self):
        self.client_id = ''
        self.client_secret = ''
        self.redirect_uri = 'http://localhost:8400'
        self.oauth2_uri = 'https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/token'
        self.resource_uri = 'https://graph.microsoft.com'
        self.onedrive_uri = self.resource_uri + '/v1.0/me/drive'
        self.scope = 'offline_access onedrive.readwrite'
        self.header = {
            'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
        }
        self.token = self.read_token()['access_token']
        self.header['Authorization'] = f'bearer {self.token}'

    def get_code(self):
        url = f'https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/authorize?' \
              f'response_type=code&client_id={self.client_id}&redirect_uri={self.redirect_uri}'
        webbrowser.open(url, new=0, autoraise=True)

    def get_token(self, url):
        code = parse_qs(urlparse(url).query).get('code')[0]
        data = {
            'client_id': self.client_id,
            'redirect_uri': self.redirect_uri,
            'client_secret': self.client_secret,
            'code': code,
            'grant_type': 'authorization_code',
            'resource': self.resource_uri
        }
        resp = requests.post(self.oauth2_uri, headers=self.header, data=data).json()
        return self.save_token(resp)

    def refresh_token(self):
        token = self.read_token(only_read=True)
        data = {
            'client_id': self.client_id,
            'redirect_uri': self.redirect_uri,
            'client_secret': self.client_secret,
            'refresh_token': token['refresh_token'],
            'grant_type': 'refresh_token',
            'resource': 'https://graph.microsoft.com'
        }
        resp = requests.post(self.oauth2_uri, headers=self.header, data=data).json()
        return self.save_token(resp)

    @staticmethod
    def save_token(resp):
        if 'error' in resp:
            return False
        token = {
            'access_token': resp['access_token'],
            'refresh_token': resp['refresh_token'],
            'expires_on': int(resp['expires_on'])
        }
        with open('token.json', 'w') as f:
            f.write(json.dumps(token))
        return token

    def read_token(self, only_read=False):
        if os.path.exists('token.json'):
            with open('token.json', 'r') as f:
                token = json.loads(f.read())
        else:
            self.get_code()
            token = self.get_token(input('请输入Url：'))
        if only_read:
            return token
        if token['expires_on'] <= int(time.time()):
            token = self.refresh_token()
        return token

    def get_path(self, path, op):
        if path[0] == '/': path = path[1:]
        if path[-1] == '/': path = path[:-1]
        if op[0] == '/': op = op[1:]
        return self.onedrive_uri + '/root:/{}:/{}'.format(path, op)

    def create_folder(self, path):
        path = list(filter(None, path.split('/')))
        pa = '/'.join(path[:len(path) - 1])
        name = path[len(path) - 1]
        data = json.dumps({
            "name": name,
            "folder": {},
        })
        r = requests.post(self.get_path(pa, 'children'), headers=self.header, data=data)
        return r.status_code

    def upload_url(self, path, conflict="fail"):
        r = requests.post(self.get_path(
            path, 'createUploadSession'
        ), headers=self.header)
        if r.status_code == 200:
            return r.json()['uploadUrl']
        else:
            return ""

    def upload_file(self, path, data):
        size = len(data)
        if size > 4000000:
            return self.upload_big_file(path, data)
        else:
            r = requests.put(self.get_path(path, 'content'), headers=self.header, data=data)
            if 'error' in r:
                return "上传失败"
            return "上传成功"

    def upload_big_file(self, path, data):
        url = self.upload_url(path)
        if url == "":
            return "上传取消"
        size = len(data)
        chunk_size = 3276800
        file_name = path.split('/')[len(path.split('/')) - 1]
        pbar = tqdm(total=size, leave=False, unit='B', unit_scale=True, desc=file_name)
        for i in range(0, size, chunk_size):
            chunk_data = data[i:i + chunk_size]
            pbar.update(len(chunk_data))
            r = requests.put(url, headers={
                'Content-Length': str(len(chunk_data)),
                'Content-Range': 'bytes {}-{}/{}'.format(i, i + len(chunk_data) - 1, size)
            }, data=chunk_data)
            if r.status_code not in [200, 201, 202]:
                print("上传出错")
                break


one = onedrive()

[/hide]

使用实例

1.配置self.client_id以及self.client_secret
2.在其他的文件中引入one，也可以引入onedrive自己实例化

from onedrive import one

3.上传文件

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 上传至onedirve的路径
    remote = '/uploads/images/logo.png'
    # 本地文件路径
    file = os.getcwd()+'/images/logo.png'
    with open(file, 'rb') as f:
        # 小文件会打印“上传成功”，大文件会显示上传进度条
        print(one.upload_file(remote, f.read()))