本文讲的是网页中如何跟用户进行资源交互。想要玩上传和下载就必须导入两个jar包:commons-fileupload-1.3.1.jar和commons-io-2.4.jar。
下载jar包没什么好说的,自己去百度搜索下载,下面步入正题:(直接拿实际项目举例子)
1.创建一个jsp
<form action="UploadServlet" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
学号:<input type="text" name="sno"/><br/>
姓名:<input type="text" name="sname"/><br/>
上传照片:<input type="file" name="spicture"/>
<br/>
<input type="submit"/>
</form>
<a href="DownloadServlet?filename=图片.png">下载图片</a>
注意上面的表单的提交方式必须得是post方法,且后面必须跟上enctype=“multipart/form-data”。
实现下载功能的代码
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.tomcat.util.codec.binary.Base64;
public class DownloadServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public DownloadServlet() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
//获取需要下载的文件名
String fileName = request.getParameter("filename");//form 、a、 href 、server?a=b
//下载文件 :需要设置 两个消息头
response.addHeader("content-Type","application/ortet-stream");//MIME类型:二进制文件(任意文件)
String agent = request.getHeader("User-Agent");
if(agent.toLowerCase().indexOf("firefox") != -1) {
//火狐 给文件名加 前缀:=?UTF-8?B? Base64.encodeBase64 String构造方法 后缀:?=
response.addHeader("content-Disposition","attachment;filename==?UTF-8?B?"+ new String(Base64.encodeBase64(fileName.getBytes("UTF-8")))+"?=");
}else {
//后面的URLEcoder.encode()是针对edge浏览器 的防止文件名乱码的方法
response.addHeader("content-Disposition","attachment;filename="+ URLEncoder.encode(fileName,"utf-8"));//fileName包含了文件后缀:abc .txt
}
//Servlet通过文件的地址 将文件转为输入流 读到servlet中
InputStream in = getServletContext().getResourceAsStream("/res/"+fileName);
//通过输出流 将 刚才已经转为输入流的文件 输出给用户
ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
byte[] bs = new byte[10];
int len = -1;
while( (len=in.read(bs)) != -1) {
out.write(bs,0,len);
}
out.close();
in.close();
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
doGet(request, response);
}
}
实现上传操作的代码
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadBase;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
public class UploadServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public UploadServlet() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
//上传
boolean isMultipart = ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request);
if(isMultipart) {//判断前台的form是否有mutipart属性
//FileItemFactory factory =new DiskFileItemFactory();
DiskFileItemFactory factory =new DiskFileItemFactory();
ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
//////限制操作一定要在解析之前完成
//设置上传文件时 用到的临时文件 的大小 用DisFileItemFactory类来实现
factory.setSizeThreshold(10240);//设置临时的缓冲文件大小为10kb
factory.setRepository(new File("C:\\Users\\Lenovo\\Desktop\\temp"));//设置临时文件的目录位置
//控制单个上传文件的大小 20kb 用ServletFileUpload类实现
upload.setSizeMax(20480);//单位是字节b
//通过parseRequest解析form中的所有请求字段,并保存到items集合中(即前台传递的sno,snaem,spicture此时就保存在了items中)
try {
List<FileItem> items = upload.parseRequest(request);
//遍历items中的数据(sno sname spicture)
Iterator<FileItem> iter =items.iterator();
while(iter.hasNext()) {
FileItem item = iter.next();
String itemName = item.getFieldName();
int sno = -1;
String sname = null;
//判断前台字段 是普通form表单字段,还是文件字段
if(item.isFormField()) {
if(itemName.equals("sno")) {//根据name属性 判断items是sno sname 还是spicture?
sno = Integer.parseInt(item.getString("UTF-8"));
}else if(itemName.equals("sname")) {
sname = item.getString("UTF-8") ;
}else {
System.out.println("其他字段.....");
}
}else {//spicture
//文件名 getFieldName是获取 普通表单字段的Name值
//getName()是获取文件名
String fileName = item.getName();
String exe = fileName.substring(fileName.indexOf(".")+1);
if(!(exe.equals("png")||exe.equals("gif")||exe.equals("jpg"))) {
System.out.println("图片上传有误!!!格式只能是png,gif,jpg");
return;
}//控制上传文件类型
//获取文件内容 并上传
//定义文件路径:指定上传位置(服务器路径)
//获取服务器路径
//String path = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("upload");
String path = "C:\\Users\\Lenovo\\Desktop\\java文件上传路径";
File file = new File(path,fileName);
item.write(file);
System.out.println(fileName+"上传成功!!");
return;
}
}
} catch(FileUploadBase.SizeLimitExceededException e) {//FileUploadBase.SizeLimitExceededException是FileUploadException的子类
System.out.println("上传文件大小超过限制,最大20kb!!!!");
}catch (FileUploadException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
doGet(request, response);
}
}