Linux #4 常见应用场景

1、根据端口号查找并关闭服务

1.1、查看当前所有端口信息

[root@ser1 ~]# sudo netstat -anlp | grep -w LISTEN
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:199           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      16384/snmpd         
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1/systemd           
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:6000            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      17115/X             
tcp        0      0 192.168.122.1:53        0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      16968/dnsmasq       
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      16381/sshd          
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:631           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      16383/cupsd         
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      16973/master        
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:6010          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      456861/sshd: tomcat 
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:6011          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      21335/sshd: tomcat@ 
tcp6       0      0 127.0.0.1:18505         :::*                    LISTEN      279757/java         
tcp6       0      0 :::18509                :::*                    LISTEN      279757/java         
tcp6       0      0 :::111                  :::*                    LISTEN      1/systemd           
tcp6       0      0 :::6000                 :::*                    LISTEN      17115/X             
tcp6       0      0 127.0.0.1:18705         :::*                    LISTEN      279892/java         
tcp6       0      0 :::8050                 :::*                    LISTEN      279757/java         
tcp6       0      0 :::18709                :::*                    LISTEN      279892/java         
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      16381/sshd          
tcp6       0      0 ::1:631                 :::*                    LISTEN      16383/cupsd         
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      16973/master        
tcp6       0      0 ::1:6010                :::*                    LISTEN      456861/sshd: tomcat 
tcp6       0      0 ::1:6011                :::*                    LISTEN      21335/sshd: tomcat@ 
tcp6       0      0 :::8070                 :::*                    LISTEN      279892/java 

1.2、停止25端口对应的服务

# locate 查找 master 服务所在位置
[root@ser1 ~]# locate master | grep '/master$'
/usr/libexec/postfix/master
# 查找 master 服务对应程序
[root@ser1 ~]# rpm -qf /usr/libexec/postfix/master
postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64
# 停止程序服务
[root@ser1 ~]# systemctl stop postfix.service
# 再次查看端口信息
[root@ser1 ~]# sudo netstat -anlp | grep -w LISTEN
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:199           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      16384/snmpd         
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1/systemd           
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:6000            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      17115/X             
tcp        0      0 192.168.122.1:53        0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      16968/dnsmasq       
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      16381/sshd          
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:631           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      16383/cupsd         
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:6010          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      456861/sshd: tomcat 
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:6011          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      21335/sshd: tomcat@ 
tcp6       0      0 127.0.0.1:18505         :::*                    LISTEN      279757/java         
tcp6       0      0 :::18509                :::*                    LISTEN      279757/java         
tcp6       0      0 :::111                  :::*                    LISTEN      1/systemd           
tcp6       0      0 :::6000                 :::*                    LISTEN      17115/X             
tcp6       0      0 127.0.0.1:18705         :::*                    LISTEN      279892/java         
tcp6       0      0 :::8050                 :::*                    LISTEN      279757/java         
tcp6       0      0 :::18709                :::*                    LISTEN      279892/java         
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      16381/sshd          
tcp6       0      0 ::1:631                 :::*                    LISTEN      16383/cupsd         
tcp6       0      0 ::1:6010                :::*                    LISTEN      456861/sshd: tomcat 
tcp6       0      0 ::1:6011                :::*                    LISTEN      21335/sshd: tomcat@ 
tcp6       0      0 :::8070                 :::*                    LISTEN      279892/java

2、定时备份数据库

# 设置 oracle 环境变量
export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/u01/app/oracle//product/19.3.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

# 指定备份路径和文件名
backup_dir=/home/dbbackup/dbdata
backup_file=$(date +%Y%m%d).dmp
backup_log=$(date +%Y%m%d).log
backup_data=$(date +%Y%m%d).tar.gz
days=7

# 执行数据库备份
echo "开始备份数据库！"
exp xssjk/xssjk@192.168.101.199:1521/xssjk file=$backup_dir/$backup_file log=$backup_dir/$backup_log owner=xssjk
echo "结束备份数据库！"

# 压缩备份文件和日志
echo "开始压缩备份文件！"
tar -zcvf $backup_dir/$backup_data $backup_dir/$backup_file $backup_dir/$backup_log
echo "结束压缩备份文件！"

# 删除备份数据库和前7天备份文件
find $backup_dir -type f -name "*.dmp" -exec rm {} \;
find $backup_dir -type f -name "*.log" -exec rm {} \;
find $backup_dir -type f -name "*.tar.gz" -mtime +$days -exec rm {} \;

# 检测是否备份成功
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo "数据库备份成功！"
else
    echo "数据库备份失败！"
fi