组合模式:允许将对象组合成树形结构来表现“整体/部分”层次结构。组合能让客户以一致的方式处理个别对象以及对象组合。
相关代码实现:
(1)实现一个MenuComponent抽象类
import java.util.Iterator;
public abstract class MenuComponent {
public void add(MenuComponent menuComponent) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
public void remove(MenuComponent menuComponent) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
public MenuComponent getChild(int i) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
public String getName() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
public String getDescription() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
public double getPrice() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
public boolean isVegetarian() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
public void print() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
public abstract Iterator createIterator() ;
}
(2)继承menuComponent实现menu以及menuitem类
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
public class Menu extends MenuComponent{
ArrayList menuComponents = new ArrayList();
String name;
String description;
public Menu(String name, String description) {
this.name = name;
this.description = description;
}
public void add(MenuComponent menuComponent) {
menuComponents.add(menuComponent);
}
public void remove(MenuComponent menuComponent) {
menuComponent.remove(menuComponent);
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public String getDescription() {
return description;
}
public void print() {
System.out.println("\n" + getName());
System.out.println(", " + getDescription());
System.out.println("------------------------");
Iterator iterator = menuComponents.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
MenuComponent menuComponent = (MenuComponent)iterator.next();
menuComponent.print();
}
}
@Override
public Iterator createIterator() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return new CompositeIterator(menuComponents.iterator());
}
}
import java.util.Iterator;
public class MenuItem extends MenuComponent{
String name;
String description;
boolean vegetarian;
double price;
public MenuItem(String name,
String description,
boolean vegetarian,
double price)
{
this.name = name;
this.description = description;
this.vegetarian = vegetarian;
this.price = price;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public String getDescription() {
return description;
}
public double getPrice() {
return price;
}
public boolean isVegetarian() {
return vegetarian;
}
public void print() {
System.out.print(" " + getName());
if (isVegetarian()) {
System.out.print("(v)");
}
System.out.println(", " + getPrice());
System.out.println(" --- " + getDescription());
}
@Override
public Iterator createIterator() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return new NullIterator();
}
}
(3)实现nullIterator以及compositeIterator
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Stack;
public class CompositeIterator implements Iterator{
Stack stack = new Stack();
public CompositeIterator(Iterator iterator) {
System.out.println("CompositeIterator.push : " + iterator.hashCode());
stack.push(iterator);
}
public int hashCode(){
if (stack.empty()) {
return 0;
} else {
return ((Iterator) stack.peek()).hashCode();
}
}
@Override
public boolean hasNext() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub\
if (stack.empty()) {
return false;
} else {
Iterator iterator = (Iterator) stack.peek();
if (!iterator.hasNext()) {
System.out.println("stack.pop: " + iterator.hashCode());
stack.pop();
return hasNext();
} else {
return true;
}
}
}
@Override
public Object next() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if (hasNext()) {
Iterator iterator = (Iterator) stack.peek();
System.out.println("next: " + iterator.hashCode());
MenuComponent component = (MenuComponent) iterator.next();
if (component instanceof Menu) {
System.out.println("stack.push : " + iterator.hashCode());
stack.push(component.createIterator());
}
return component;
} else {
return null;
}
}
public void remove() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
}
import java.util.Iterator;
public class NullIterator implements Iterator{
@Override
public boolean hasNext() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return false;
}
@Override
public Object next() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}
public void remove() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
}
(4)实现waitress类调用并实际打印菜单
import java.util.Iterator;
public class Waitress {
MenuComponent allMenus;
public Waitress(MenuComponent allMenus) {
this.allMenus = allMenus;
}
public void printMenu() {
allMenus.print();
//printVegetarianMenu();
}
public void printVegetarianMenu() {
Iterator iterator = allMenus.createIterator();
System.out.println("\nVEGETARIAN MENU\n----");
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
System.out.println("get next: " + iterator.hashCode());
MenuComponent menuComponent = (MenuComponent) iterator.next();
try {
if (menuComponent.isVegetarian()) {
System.out.println("print: " + iterator.hashCode());
menuComponent.print();
}
} catch (UnsupportedOperationException e){
System.out.println("UnsupportedOperationException");
}
}
}
}
(5)测试代码
public class MenuTestDrive {
public static void main(String args[]) {
MenuComponent pancakeHouseMenu =
new Menu("PANCAEK HOUSE MENU", "Breakfast");
MenuComponent dinerMenu =
new Menu("DINER MENU", "Lunch");
MenuComponent cafeMenu =
new Menu("CAFE MENU", "Dinner");
MenuComponent dessertMenu =
new Menu("DESSERT MENU", "Dessert of course!");
MenuComponent allMenus = new Menu("ALL MENUS", "All menus combined");
allMenus.add(pancakeHouseMenu);
allMenus.add(dinerMenu);
allMenus.add(cafeMenu);
//
dinerMenu.add(new MenuItem(
"Pasta",
"Spaghetti with Marinara Sauce, and a slice of sourdough bread",
true,
3.89));
dinerMenu.add(dessertMenu);
dessertMenu.add(new MenuItem(
"Apple Pie",
"Apple pie with flakey crust, topped with vanilla ice cream",
true,
1.59));
Waitress waitress = new Waitress(allMenus);
//waitress.printMenu();
waitress.printVegetarianMenu();
}
}