oracle 手工建库

1，建立目录
在$ORACLE_BASE /admin/下建立$ORACLE_SID 的目录，再创建子目录/adump（存储审计文件的目录） ， /bdump （后台进程跟踪文件)， /cdump （存储核心堆积文件)， /udump（存储用户进程跟踪文件）

[root@oracle ~]# cd $ORACLE_BASE/admin/
[root@oracle admin]# pwd
/oracle/app/admin
[root@oracle admin]# mkdir -p /oracle/app/admin/prod/{a,b,c,u}dump
[root@oracle admin]# ls
orcl  prod
[root@oracle admin]# cd prod
[root@oracle prod]# ls
adump  bdump  cdump  udump

2，建立目录
在$ORACLE_BASE/oradata/下建立$ORACLE_SID的目录

mkdir -p /oracle/app/oradata/prod/disk{1,2,3,4,5}

3,设置oracle用户环境变量实例名为prod

export ORACLE_SID=prod

4,创建参数文件

cat $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init.ora | grep -v ^$ | grep -v ^# > initprod.ora 
vi initprod.ora

db_name='prod'
memory_target=512M
processes = 300
audit_file_dest='/oracle/app/admin/prod/adump' 
audit_trail ='db'
db_block_size=8192
db_domain=''
db_recovery_file_dest='/oracle/app/fast_recovery_area'
db_recovery_file_dest_size=4182M
diagnostic_dest='/oracle/app/'
dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ORCLXDB)'
open_cursors=300
remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
control_files = ('/oracle/app/oradata/prod/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/control02.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/control03.ctl') 
compatible ='11.2.0'//注意跟前面路径保持一致

5、创建密码文件

$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
$ orapwd file=orapwprod password=oracle

6、启动实例(NOMOUNTT 状态)

[oracle@oracle ~]$ sqlplus /nolog

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Fri Apr 15 11:49:45 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> startup nomount

7，运行建库脚本

CREATE DATABASE prod
   LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/oracle/app/oradata/prod/redo01.log') SIZE 100M,
           GROUP 2 ('/oracle/app/oradata/prod/redo02.log') SIZE 100M,
           GROUP 3 ('/oracle/app/oradata/prod/redo03.log') SIZE 100M
   MAXLOGFILES 50
   MAXLOGMEMBERS 5
   MAXLOGHISTORY 10
   MAXDATAFILES 100
   MAXINSTANCES 1
   CHARACTER SET US7ASCII
   NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
   DATAFILE '/oracle/app/oradata/prod/system01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE
   EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
   SYSAUX DATAFILE '/oracle/app/oradata/prod/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 325M REUSE
   DEFAULT TABLESPACE users
   DATAFILE '/oracle/app/oradata/prod/users01.dbf' SIZE 100M REUSE
   DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE tempts
      TEMPFILE '/oracle/app/oradata/prod/temp01.dbf' 
      SIZE 20M REUSE
   UNDO TABLESPACE undotbs1
      DATAFILE '/oracle/app/oradata/prod/undotbs01.dbf'
      SIZE 200M REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;

8，运行创建数据字典脚本

//创建数据字典视图
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
创建PL/SQL的软件包和过程
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
conn system/manager
@$ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin/pupbld.sql