Homebrew安装

简介

Homebrew官网

问题

安装时遇到如下问题：

1. curl: (7) Failed to connect to raw.githubusercontent.com port 443: Connection refused

在这里找到了原因：https://github.com/Homebrew/legacy-homebrew/issues/46280。

设置了https的全局代理

git config --global https.proxy 127.0.0.1:1087
git config --list

终端显示如下：
credential.helper=osxkeychain
socket.proxy=http://127.0.0.1:1086
http.postbuffer=524288000
https.proxy=127.0.0.1:1087

socket的全局代理是之前使用Proxfier配置的，这里我也在Proxifier里添加了HTTPS的相关配置。

然后在安装的时候，报错信息不同了，报了如下错误：

2. curl: (35) LibreSSL SSL_connect: SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL in connection to raw.githubusercontent.com:443

网友们提供了一个方法：进入https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install.sh打开网址后，保存成brew_install.rb文件。

然后执行ruby brew_install.rb。但是我新的电脑没有ruby的环境，需要安装ruby。curl -L https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable

curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable 回车。

之后又同样的错误 curl: (35) LibreSSL SSL_connect: SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL in connection to raw.githubusercontent.com:443 。

我换了一种安装方式 curl -L https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable，还是不行。

解决

1、先安装ruby

由于我们需要借用ruby brew_install.rb这种方式安装Homeview，所以首先需要安装好Ruby的环境。

设置Ruby的源
gem sources --add https://gems.ruby-china.com/ --remove https://rubygems.org/

2、安装Homebrew

执行brew_install.rb，安装Homebrew

注意不要复制错了

#!/usr/bin/ruby
# This script installs to /usr/local only. To install elsewhere (which is
# unsupported) you can untar https://github.com/Homebrew/brew/tarball/master
# anywhere you like.
HOMEBREW_PREFIX = "/usr/local".freeze
HOMEBREW_REPOSITORY = "/usr/local/Homebrew".freeze
HOMEBREW_CORE_TAP = "/usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core".freeze
HOMEBREW_CACHE = "#{ENV["HOME"]}/Library/Caches/Homebrew".freeze
BREW_REPO = "https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/brew.git".freeze
# TODO: bump version when new macOS is released
MACOS_LATEST_SUPPORTED = "10.14".freeze
# TODO: bump version when new macOS is released
MACOS_OLDEST_SUPPORTED = "10.12".freeze
# no analytics during installation
ENV["HOMEBREW_NO_ANALYTICS_THIS_RUN"] = "1"
ENV["HOMEBREW_NO_ANALYTICS_MESSAGE_OUTPUT"] = "1"
  
# get nicer global variables
require "English"

module Tty
  module_function
 
  def blue
    bold 34
  end
 
  def red
    bold 31
  end
 
  def reset
    escape 0
  end
 
  def bold(code = 39)
    escape "1;#{code}"
  end
 
  def underline
    escape "4;39"
  end
 
  def escape(code)
    "\033[#{code}m" if STDOUT.tty?
  end
end
 
class Array
  def shell_s
    cp = dup
    first = cp.shift
    cp.map { |arg| arg.gsub " ", "\\ " }.unshift(first).join(" ")
  end
end
 
def ohai(*args)
  puts "#{Tty.blue}==>#{Tty.bold} #{args.shell_s}#{Tty.reset}"
end
 
def warn(warning)
  puts "#{Tty.red}Warning#{Tty.reset}: #{warning.chomp}"
end
 
def system(*args)
  abort "Failed during: #{args.shell_s}" unless Kernel.system(*args)
end
 
def sudo(*args)
  args.unshift("-A") unless ENV["SUDO_ASKPASS"].nil?
  ohai "/usr/bin/sudo", *args
  system "/usr/bin/sudo", *args
end
 
def getc
  system "/bin/stty raw -echo"
  if STDIN.respond_to?(:getbyte)
    STDIN.getbyte
  else
    STDIN.getc
  end
ensure
  system "/bin/stty -raw echo"
end

def wait_for_user
  puts
  puts "Press RETURN to continue or any other key to abort"
  c = getc
  # we test for \r and \n because some stuff does \r instead
  abort unless (c == 13) || (c == 10)
end
 
class Version
  include Comparable
  attr_reader :parts
 
  def initialize(str)
    @parts = str.split(".").map(&:to_i)
  end
 
  def <=>(other)
    parts <=> self.class.new(other).parts
  end
 
  def to_s
    parts.join(".")
  end
end
 
def macos_version
  @macos_version ||= Version.new(`/usr/bin/sw_vers -productVersion`.chomp[/10\.\d+/])
end
 
def should_install_command_line_tools?
  if macos_version > "10.13"
    !File.exist?("/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/git")
  else
    !File.exist?("/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/git") ||
      !File.exist?("/usr/include/iconv.h")
  end
end
 
def user_only_chmod?(path)
  return false unless File.directory?(path)
 
  mode = File.stat(path).mode & 0777
  # u = (mode >> 6) & 07
  # g = (mode >> 3) & 07
  # o = (mode >> 0) & 07
  mode != 0755
end
 
def chmod?(path)
  File.exist?(path) && !(File.readable?(path) && File.writable?(path) && File.executable?(path))
end
 
def chown?(path)
  !File.owned?(path)
end
 
def chgrp?(path)
  !File.grpowned?(path)
end
 
# Invalidate sudo timestamp before exiting (if it wasn't active before).
Kernel.system "/usr/bin/sudo -n -v 2>/dev/null"
at_exit { Kernel.system "/usr/bin/sudo", "-k" } unless $CHILD_STATUS.success?
 
# The block form of Dir.chdir fails later if Dir.CWD doesn't exist which I
# guess is fair enough. Also sudo prints a warning message for no good reason
Dir.chdir "/usr"
 
####################################################################### script
if RUBY_PLATFORM.to_s.downcase.include?("linux")
  abort <<-EOABORT
  To install Linuxbrew, paste at a terminal prompt:
    sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Linuxbrew/install/master/install.sh)"
  EOABORT
elsif macos_version < "10.7"
  abort <<-EOABORT
Your Mac OS X version is too old. See:
  #{Tty.underline}https://github.com/mistydemeo/tigerbrew#{Tty.reset}"
  EOABORT
elsif macos_version < "10.9"
  abort "Your OS X version is too old"
elsif Process.uid.zero?
  abort "Don't run this as root!"
elsif !`dsmemberutil checkmembership -U "#{ENV["USER"]}" -G admin`.include?("user is a member")
  abort "This script requires the user #{ENV["USER"]} to be an Administrator."
elsif File.directory?(HOMEBREW_PREFIX) && (!File.executable? HOMEBREW_PREFIX)
  abort <<-EOABORT
The Homebrew prefix, #{HOMEBREW_PREFIX}, exists but is not searchable. If this is
not intentional, please restore the default permissions and try running the
installer again:
    sudo chmod 775 #{HOMEBREW_PREFIX}
  EOABORT
# TODO: bump version when new macOS is released
elsif macos_version > MACOS_LATEST_SUPPORTED || macos_version < MACOS_OLDEST_SUPPORTED
  who = "We"
  if macos_version > MACOS_LATEST_SUPPORTED
    what = "pre-release version"
  elsif macos_version < MACOS_OLDEST_SUPPORTED
    who << " (and Apple)"
    what = "old version"
  else
    return
  end
  ohai "You are using macOS #{macos_version.parts.join(".")}."
  ohai "#{who} do not provide support for this #{what}."
 
  puts <<-EOS
This installation may not succeed.
After installation, you will encounter build failures and other breakages.
Please create pull requests instead of asking for help on Homebrew's
GitHub, Discourse, Twitter or IRC. As you are running this #{what},
you are responsible for resolving any issues you experience.
  EOS
end
ohai "This script will install:"
puts "#{HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/bin/brew"
puts "#{HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/share/doc/homebrew"
puts "#{HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/share/man/man1/brew.1"
puts "#{HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/share/zsh/site-functions/_brew"
puts "#{HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/etc/bash_completion.d/brew"
puts HOMEBREW_REPOSITORY.to_s
# Keep relatively in sync with
# https://github.com/Homebrew/brew/blob/master/Library/Homebrew/keg.rb
group_chmods = %w[bin etc include lib sbin share opt var
                  Frameworks
                  etc/bash_completion.d lib/pkgconfig
                  share/aclocal share/doc share/info share/locale share/man
                  share/man/man1 share/man/man2 share/man/man3 share/man/man4
                  share/man/man5 share/man/man6 share/man/man7 share/man/man8
                  var/log var/homebrew var/homebrew/linked
                  bin/brew]
               .map { |d| File.join(HOMEBREW_PREFIX, d) }
               .select { |d| chmod?(d) }
# zsh refuses to read from these directories if group writable
zsh_dirs = %w[share/zsh share/zsh/site-functions]
           .map { |d| File.join(HOMEBREW_PREFIX, d) }
mkdirs = %w[bin etc include lib sbin share var opt
            share/zsh share/zsh/site-functions
            var/homebrew var/homebrew/linked
            Cellar Caskroom Homebrew Frameworks]
         .map { |d| File.join(HOMEBREW_PREFIX, d) }
         .reject { |d| File.directory?(d) }
user_chmods = zsh_dirs.select { |d| user_only_chmod?(d) }
chmods = group_chmods + user_chmods
chowns = chmods.select { |d| chown?(d) }
chgrps = chmods.select { |d| chgrp?(d) }
unless group_chmods.empty?
  ohai "The following existing directories will be made group writable:"
  puts(*group_chmods)
end
unless user_chmods.empty?
  ohai "The following existing directories will be made writable by user only:"
  puts(*user_chmods)
end
unless chowns.empty?
  ohai "The following existing directories will have their owner set to #{Tty.underline}#{ENV["USER"]}#{Tty.reset}:"
  puts(*chowns)
end
unless chgrps.empty?
  ohai "The following existing directories will have their group set to #{Tty.underline}admin#{Tty.reset}:"
  puts(*chgrps)
end
unless mkdirs.empty?
  ohai "The following new directories will be created:"
  puts(*mkdirs)
end
if should_install_command_line_tools?
  ohai "The Xcode Command Line Tools will be installed."
end
wait_for_user if STDIN.tty? && !ENV["CI"]
if File.directory? HOMEBREW_PREFIX
  sudo "/bin/chmod", "u+rwx", *chmods unless chmods.empty?
  sudo "/bin/chmod", "g+rwx", *group_chmods unless group_chmods.empty?
  sudo "/bin/chmod", "755", *user_chmods unless user_chmods.empty?
  sudo "/usr/sbin/chown", ENV["USER"], *chowns unless chowns.empty?
  sudo "/usr/bin/chgrp", "admin", *chgrps unless chgrps.empty?
else
  sudo "/bin/mkdir", "-p", HOMEBREW_PREFIX
  sudo "/usr/sbin/chown", "root:wheel", HOMEBREW_PREFIX
end
unless mkdirs.empty?
  sudo "/bin/mkdir", "-p", *mkdirs
  sudo "/bin/chmod", "g+rwx", *mkdirs
  sudo "/bin/chmod", "755", *zsh_dirs
  sudo "/usr/sbin/chown", ENV["USER"], *mkdirs
  sudo "/usr/bin/chgrp", "admin", *mkdirs
end
sudo "/bin/mkdir", "-p", HOMEBREW_CACHE unless File.directory? HOMEBREW_CACHE
sudo "/bin/chmod", "g+rwx", HOMEBREW_CACHE if chmod? HOMEBREW_CACHE
sudo "/usr/sbin/chown", ENV["USER"], HOMEBREW_CACHE if chown? HOMEBREW_CACHE
sudo "/usr/bin/chgrp", "admin", HOMEBREW_CACHE if chgrp? HOMEBREW_CACHE
if should_install_command_line_tools?
  ohai "Searching online for the Command Line Tools"
  # This temporary file prompts the 'softwareupdate' utility to list the Command Line Tools
  clt_placeholder = "/tmp/.com.apple.dt.CommandLineTools.installondemand.in-progress"
  sudo "/usr/bin/touch", clt_placeholder
  clt_macos_version = if macos_version == "10.9"
    "Mavericks"
  else
    macos_version
  end
  clt_sort = if macos_version >= "10.13"
    "sort -V"
  else
    "sort"
  end
  clt_label_command = "/usr/sbin/softwareupdate -l | " \
                      "grep -B 1 -E 'Command Line (Developer|Tools)' | " \
                      "awk -F'*' '/^ +\\*/ {print $2}' | " \
                      "grep '#{clt_macos_version}' | " \
                      "#{clt_sort} | " \
                      "sed 's/^ *//' | " \
                      "tail -n1"
  clt_label = `#{clt_label_command}`.chomp
unless clt_label.empty?
    ohai "Installing #{clt_label}"
    sudo "/usr/sbin/softwareupdate", "-i", clt_label
    sudo "/bin/rm", "-f", clt_placeholder
    sudo "/usr/bin/xcode-select", "--switch", "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools"
  end
end
 
# Headless install may have failed, so fallback to original 'xcode-select' method
if should_install_command_line_tools? && STDIN.tty?
  ohai "Installing the Command Line Tools (expect a GUI popup):"
  sudo "/usr/bin/xcode-select", "--install"
  puts "Press any key when the installation has completed."
  getc
  sudo "/usr/bin/xcode-select", "--switch", "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools"
end
 
abort <<-EOABORT if `/usr/bin/xcrun clang 2>&1` =~ /license/ && !$CHILD_STATUS.success?
You have not agreed to the Xcode license.
Before running the installer again please agree to the license by opening
Xcode.app or running:
    sudo xcodebuild -license
EOABORT
 
ohai "Downloading and installing Homebrew..."
Dir.chdir HOMEBREW_REPOSITORY do
  # we do it in four steps to avoid merge errors when reinstalling
  system "git", "init", "-q"
 
  # "git remote add" will fail if the remote is defined in the global config
  system "git", "config", "remote.origin.url", BREW_REPO
  system "git", "config", "remote.origin.fetch", "+refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*"
 
  # ensure we don't munge line endings on checkout
  system "git", "config", "core.autocrlf", "false"
 
  system "git", "fetch", "origin", "master:refs/remotes/origin/master",
         "--tags", "--force"
 
  system "git", "reset", "--hard", "origin/master"
 
  system "ln", "-sf", "#{HOMEBREW_REPOSITORY}/bin/brew", "#{HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/bin/brew"
 
  system "#{HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/bin/brew", "update", "--force"
end
 
warn "#{HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/bin is not in your PATH." unless ENV["PATH"].split(":").include? "#{HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/bin"
 
ohai "Installation successful!"
puts
 
# Use the shell's audible bell.
print "\a"
 
# Use an extra newline and bold to avoid this being missed.
ohai "Homebrew has enabled anonymous aggregate formulae and cask analytics."
puts <<-EOS
#{Tty.bold}Read the analytics documentation (and how to opt-out) here:
  #{Tty.underline}https://docs.brew.sh/Analytics#{Tty.reset}
 
EOS
 
ohai "Homebrew is run entirely by unpaid volunteers. Please consider donating:"
puts <<-EOS
  #{Tty.underline}https://github.com/Homebrew/brew#donations#{Tty.reset}
EOS
 
Dir.chdir HOMEBREW_REPOSITORY do
  system "git", "config", "--local", "--replace-all", "homebrew.analyticsmessage", "true"
  system "git", "config", "--local", "--replace-all", "homebrew.caskanalyticsmessage", "true"
end
 
ohai "Next steps:"
puts "- Run `brew help` to get started"
puts "- Further documentation: "
puts "    #{Tty.underline}https://docs.brew.sh#{Tty.reset}"

我将brew_install.rb文件放在了电脑桌面上

ruby brew_install.rb /Users/xxx(用户名）/Desktop/brew_install.rb

之后需要等一会出现 Press RETURN to continue or any other key to abort 的时候，记得选择return，即enter键。

然后就一直卡到 Cloning into ‘/usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core’… 这个地方。

然后就error了：

fatal: unable to access ‘https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/’: transfer closed with outstanding read data remaining
Error: Failure while executing; git clone https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core exited with 128.
Error: Failure while executing; /usr/local/bin/brew tap homebrew/core exited with 1.
Failed during: /usr/local/bin/brew update --force

继续执行 /usr/local/bin/brew update --force ，也是卡很久。

brew --version

终端显示：

Homebrew 2.2.14
Homebrew/homebrew-core (no git repository)

这说明是安装成功了吧。