RHCE——归档文件并在系统间复制文件

管理压缩的tar存档

• c（创建存档）
• t （列出存档内容）
• x（提取存档文件）
• f（要操作的文件名）
• v（详细信息）
  打包文件

[root@localhost text]# tar cfv file_1.tar file1 file2 file3
file1
file2
file3
[root@localhost text]# ll file_1.tar 
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 10240 8月   1 01:19 file_1.tar

列出tar存档的内容

[root@localhost text]# tar tf file_1.tar 
file1
file2
file3

提取存档内容，加P可以同时保留文件权限

[root@localhost text]# tar xpf file_1.tar

创建tar压缩文件

• z 用于gzip压缩，文件后缀.tar.gz或.tgz
• j 用于bzip2压缩，文件后缀.tar.bz2
• J用于xz压缩，文件后缀.tar.xz

[root@localhost text]# tar zcf text1.tar.gz file1 file2
[root@localhost text]# tar jcf text1.tar.bz2 file1 file2
[root@localhost text]# tar Jcf text1.tar.xz file1 file2
[root@localhost text]# ll
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 125 8月   1 01:34 text1.tar.bz2
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 124 8月   1 01:33 text1.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 172 8月   1 01:34 text1.tar.xz
//解压
[root@localhost text1]#  tar zxf ../../text1.tar.gz 
[root@localhost text2]#  tar jxf ../../text1.tar.bz2 
[root@localhost text3]#  tar Jxf ../../text1.tar.xz 

在系统间安全地复制文件

使用scp协议，根据ssh进行加密传输

[root@localhost text]# scp root@120.24.222.231:~/hyt.tar .
root@120.24.222.231's password: 
hyt.tar                                                                                                             100%   10KB  10.0KB/s   00:00    

[root@localhost text]# scp text1.tar.bz2 root@120.24.222.231:~/
root@120.24.222.231's password: 
text1.tar.bz2                                                                                                       100%  125     0.1KB/s   00:00    

使用sftp远程传输文件

[root@localhost text]# sftp 120.24.222.231
root@120.24.222.231's password: 
Connected to 120.24.222.231.
sftp> mkdir sftp
sftp> cd sftp
sftp> put /etc/ho
host.conf    hosts        hosts.allow  hosts.deny   
sftp> put /etc/hosts
Uploading /etc/hosts to /root/sftp/hosts
/etc/hosts                                                                                                          100%  158     0.2KB/s   00:00    

[student@localhost 桌面]$ sftp root@120.24.222.231
root@120.24.222.231's password: 
Connected to 120.24.222.231.
sftp> get ~/aa
File "/root/~/aa" not found.
sftp> get aa
Fetching /root/aa to aa
/root/aa                                                                                                            100%   20     0.0KB/s   00:00    
sftp> exit 

rsync在系统间安全的同步文件

方法和scp类似

[student@localhost 桌面]$ rsync -av /var/log/messages /tmp
sending incremental file list
rsync: send_files failed to open "/var/log/messages": Permission denied (13)

sent 49 bytes  received 31 bytes  160.00 bytes/sec
total size is 111427  speedup is 1392.84
rsync error: some files/attrs were not transferred (see previous errors) (code 23) at main.c(1052) [sender=3.0.9]

[student@localhost 桌面]$ rsync -av /var/log/messages root@120.24.222.231:/tmp
root@120.24.222.231's password: 
sending incremental file list
rsync: send_files failed to open "/var/log/messages": Permission denied (13)

sent 49 bytes  received 31 bytes  12.31 bytes/sec
total size is 112130  speedup is 1401.62
rsync error: some files/attrs were not transferred (see previous errors) (code 23) at main.c(1052) [sender=3.0.9]