C++第3次实验-静态成员函数的应用

一、问题及代码

设计含有静态数据成员和成员函数的Time类。静态数据成员是类中所有的对象共有的数据,在下面的设计中,时钟要采用12小时制,还是要使用24小时制,显示时,不足两位的数字前是否前导0,都是“影响全局”的设置,适合作为类中的静态数据成员。


<ol start="1" class="dp-cpp" style="margin: 0px 0px 1px 45px !important; padding: 0px; border: none; list-style-position: initial; list-style-image: initial; color: rgb(92, 92, 92); font-family: Consolas, 'Courier New', Courier, mono, serif; line-height: 35px; "><li class="alt" style="margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 3px 0px 10px !important; border-style: none none none solid; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside; color: inherit; line-height: 18px; "><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: black; background-color: inherit; "><span class="comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: rgb(0, 130, 0); background-color: inherit; ">/*    </span> </span></li><li style="margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 3px 0px 10px !important; border-style: none none none solid; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); line-height: 18px; "><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: black; background-color: inherit; "><span class="comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: rgb(0, 130, 0); background-color: inherit; ">* 文件名称: 静态成员函数的应用   </span> </span></li><li class="alt" style="margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 3px 0px 10px !important; border-style: none none none solid; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside; color: inherit; line-height: 18px; "><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: black; background-color: inherit; "><span class="comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: rgb(0, 130, 0); background-color: inherit; ">* 作    者:  吴 磊   </span> </span></li><li style="margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 3px 0px 10px !important; border-style: none none none solid; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); line-height: 18px; "><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: black; background-color: inherit; "><span class="comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: rgb(0, 130, 0); background-color: inherit; ">* 完成日期:2016 年 4 月 14 日    </span> </span></li><li class="alt" style="margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 3px 0px 10px !important; border-style: none none none solid; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside; color: inherit; line-height: 18px; "><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: black; background-color: inherit; "><span class="comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: rgb(0, 130, 0); background-color: inherit; ">* 版 本 号:v1.0    </span> </span></li><li style="margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 3px 0px 10px !important; border-style: none none none solid; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); line-height: 18px; "><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: black; background-color: inherit; "><span class="comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: rgb(0, 130, 0); background-color: inherit; ">* 对任务及求解方法的描述部分:   </span> </span></li><li class="alt" style="margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 3px 0px 10px !important; border-style: none none none solid; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside; color: inherit; line-height: 18px; "><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: black; background-color: inherit; "><span class="comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: rgb(0, 130, 0); background-color: inherit; ">* 输入描述:   </span> </span></li><li style="margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 3px 0px 10px !important; border-style: none none none solid; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); line-height: 18px; "><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: black; background-color: inherit; "><span class="comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: rgb(0, 130, 0); background-color: inherit; ">* 问题描述:    </span> </span></li><li class="alt" style="margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 3px 0px 10px !important; border-style: none none none solid; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside; color: inherit; line-height: 18px; "><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: black; background-color: inherit; "><span class="comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: rgb(0, 130, 0); background-color: inherit; ">* 程序输出:     </span> </span></li><li style="margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 3px 0px 10px !important; border-style: none none none solid; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); line-height: 18px; "><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: black; background-color: inherit; "><span class="comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: rgb(0, 130, 0); background-color: inherit; ">* 问题分析:    </span> </span></li><li class="alt" style="margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 3px 0px 10px !important; border-style: none none none solid; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside; color: inherit; line-height: 18px; "><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: black; background-color: inherit; "><span class="comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: rgb(0, 130, 0); background-color: inherit; ">* 算法设计:    </span> </span></li><li style="margin: 0px !important; padding: 0px 3px 0px 10px !important; border-style: none none none solid; border-left-width: 3px; border-left-color: rgb(108, 226, 108); list-style: decimal-leading-zero outside; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); line-height: 18px; "><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: black; background-color: inherit; "><span class="comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: rgb(0, 130, 0); background-color: inherit; ">*/</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; background-color: inherit; ">    </span></span></li></ol>#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Time{  
public:  
    Time(int=0,int=0,int=0);  
    void show_time( ); //根据is_24和from0,输出适合形式-20:23:5/8:23:5 pm/08:23:05 pm  
    void add_seconds(int); //增加n秒钟  
    void add_minutes(int); //增加n分钟    
    void add_hours(int); //增加n小时    
    static void change24();  //改变静态成员is_24,在12和24时制之间转换  
    static void changefrom0();   //改变静态成员from0,切换是否前导0  
 private:  
    static bool is_24; //为true时,24小时制,如20:23:5;为flase,12小时制,显示为8:23:5 pm   
    static bool from0; //为true时,前导0,8:23:5显示为08:23:05  
    int hour;  
    int minute;  
    int sec;
	int u;
};  
//下面写出静态成员的初始化及各成员函数的定义……  

bool Time::is_24=true;
bool Time::from0=false;
Time::Time(int h,int m,int s):hour(h),minute(m),sec(s){}
void Time::show_time()
{
    int v;
    u=0;
    if(is_24)
        v=hour;
    else
    {
        u=2;
        if(hour>=12)
            u=1;
        v=hour%12;
    }
    if(from0)
    {
        if(v<10)
            cout<<"0";
        cout<<v<<":";
         if(minute<10)
            cout<<"0";
        cout<<minute<<":";
         if(sec<10)
            cout<<"0";
        cout<<sec;
        if(u==2)
            cout<<" am"<<endl;
        else if(u==1)
            cout<<" pm"<<endl;
        else
            cout<<"\n";


    }
    else
        cout<<v<<":"<<minute<<":"<<sec<<endl;
}
void Time::add_seconds(int t)
{
    sec=sec+t;
    if(sec>59)
    {
        int q=sec/60;
        add_minutes(q);
        sec=sec%60;
    }
}
void Time::add_minutes(int t)
{
    minute=minute+t;
     if(minute>59)
    {
        int q=minute/60;
        add_hours(q);
        minute=minute%60;
    }
}
void Time::add_hours(int t)
{


    hour=hour+t;
    if(hour>23)
    {
    hour=hour%24;


    }


}
 void Time::change24()
{


    is_24=!is_24;
}
 void Time::changefrom0()
{
    from0=!from0;
}


int main()
{
     Time t1(23,14,25),t2(8,45,6);
    cout<<"24时制, 不前导:"<<endl;
    cout<<"t1是:";
    t1.show_time();
    cout<<"t2是:";
    t2.show_time();
    t1.add_hours(10);
    t2.add_hours(10);
    Time::changefrom0();
    cout<<"10小时后,切换是否前导:"<<endl;
    cout<<"t1是:";
    t1.show_time();
    cout<<"t2是:";
    t2.show_time();
    t1.change24();
    cout<<"换一种制式:"<<endl;
    cout<<"t1是:";
    t1.show_time();
    cout<<"t2是:";
    t2.show_time();
    return 0;
}


二、运行结果



三、心得体会

刚开始没有一点头绪,后来通过看静态函数的文件才一点一点的明白,成功是来之不易的。

四、知识总结

熟知了static和bool类型的应用,利用静态函数的调用。


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