分析函数提供一系列比较高级的SQL功能。分析函数是建立再数据窗口(over再一定范围进行数据分析),再一定的数据范围进行排序,汇总等.
查询当前员工所在部门的平均工资,最高工资和最低工资,即可通过分析函数来实现。
select e.last_name,e.salary,d.department_name,
avg(e.salary) over(partition by d.department_name) department_avg_salary,
max(e.salary) over(partition by d.department_name) department_avg_salary,
min(e.salary) over(partition by d.department_name) department_avg_salary
from employees e,departments d
where 1 = 1
and e.department_id = d.department_id;
将一个部门内的员工的工资从高到低进行排序,注意三种排序结果是不一样的。
select d.department_name,e.last_name,e.salary,
rank() over(partition by d.department_name order by e.salary desc) dept_salary_rank1,
dense_rank() over(partition by d.department_name order by e.salary) dept_salary_rank2,
row_number() over(partition by d.department_name order by e.salary) dept_salary_rank3
from employees e,departments d
where 1 = 1
and e.department_id = d.department_id;