1. 去掉开头连续的字符:
(1) 通过sed去掉开头连续字符,如下去掉开头连续的字符'a':
[root@localhost ~]# echo "aaaaaa@b@c@dddddddd"|sed 's/^a*//'
@b@c@dddddddd
去掉开头连续的空字符:
[root@localhost ~]# echo " aaaa"
aaaa
[root@localhost ~]# echo " aaaa"|sed 's/^[ \t]*//'
aaaa
(2) 通过awk的内置函数gsub去掉开头连续的字符,如:
[root@localhost ~]# echo "aaaaaa@b@c@dddddddd"|awk '{print "before gsub:"$0;gsub(/^a*/,""); print "after gsub:"$0}'
before gsub:aaaaaa@b@c@dddddddd
after gsub:@b@c@dddddddd
去掉开头连续的空字符:
[root@localhost ~]# echo " aaaa"|awk '{print "before gsub:"$0;gsub(/^[ \t]*/,""); print "after gsub:"$0}'
before gsub: aaaa
after gsub:aaaa
2. 去掉结束连续的字符:
(1) 通过sed去掉结束连续字符,如下去掉结束连续的字符'd':
[root@localhost ~]# echo "aaaaaa@b@c@dddddddd"|sed 's/d*$//'
aaaaaa@b@c@
去掉结束连续的空字符,去掉结束空字符的效果不容易显示出来,这里通过字符格式来查看效果:
[root@localhost ~]# echo " aaaa "
aaaa
[root@localhost ~]# echo " aaaa "|wc -m
11
[root@localhost ~]# echo " aaaa "|sed 's/[ \t]*$//'
aaaa
[root@localhost ~]# echo " aaaa "|sed 's/[ \t]*$//'|wc -m
8
(2) 通过awk的内置函数gsub去掉结束连续的字符,如:
[root@localhost ~]# echo "aaaaaa@b@c@dddddddd"|awk '{print "before gsub:"$0;gsub(/d*$/,""); print "after gsub:"$0}'
before gsub:aaaaaa@b@c@dddddddd
after gsub:aaaaaa@b@c@
去掉开头连续的空字符:
[root@localhost ~]# echo " aaaa "|awk '{print "before gsub:"$0"#";gsub(/[ \t]*$/,""); print "after gsub:"$0"#"}'
before gsub: aaaa #
after gsub: aaaa#
无论是去掉开头的连续字符还是结束的连续字符,不管是使用sed的方式还是awk的方式,其核心是正则表达式。
使用字符"^"表示开头,使用字符"$"表示结束,使用字符"*"表示连续字符,如:
(1) 表示开头连续的字符a:
"^a*"
(2) 表示开头连续的空字符:
"^[ \t]*"
(3) 表示结束连续的字符d:
"d*$"
(4) 表示结束连续的空字符:
"[ \t]*$"