实 验 报 告
实验名称 JDBC访问数据库 日期 2020年 11 月03 日
一、实验目的:
1.理解JDBC的工作原理,掌握JDBC访问数据库;
2.掌握常见数据库MYSQL;
二、实验环境:
Eclipse+MySQL
三、实验内容:
现在使用JDBC写一个简单的小程序,主要是使用JDBC连接MySQL数据库,然后对数据库进行一些基本的增删改查操作。
1、设计数据库表
先设计一个数据库表,用于保存用户信息,建表语句如下:
CREATE TABLE
tbl_user_info
(
id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
user_name VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
age INT NOT NULL,
sex INT(1) NOT NULL,
create_dt DATE NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (id)
)
ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
截图:
2、定义实体类
定义一个Bean,与数据库表中的各个字段对应:
UserVO.java
package com.imooc.jdbc;
import java.util.Date;
public class UserVO {
private int id;
private String userName;
private int age;
private int sex;
private Date createDt;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public int getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(int sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public Date getCreateDt() {
return createDt;
}
public void setCreateDt(Date createDt) {
this.createDt = createDt;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "UserVO [id=" + id + ", userName=" + userName + ", age=" + age
+ ", sex=" + sex + ", createDt=" + createDt + "]";
}
}
3、定义数据库连接类
定义一个数据库连接类,用于获取MySQL的连接
DBUtil.java
package com.imooc.jdbc;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
public class DBUtil {
private static final String URI = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?"
+ "user=root&password=123456&serverTimezone=CTT&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8";
private static final String DRIVER = "com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver";
public static Connection connectDB() throws Exception {
//1、加载数据库驱动
Class.forName(DRIVER);
//2、获取数据库连接
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(URI);
return conn;
}
}
4、实现数据库的增删改查
1)查询
2)增加
3)删除
4)更新数据库
代码:
UserDao.java
package com.imooc.jdb;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.Date;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
public class UserDao {
//总查询
public List<UserVO> queryAll() throws Exception {
Connection conn = DBUtil.connectDB();
String sql = "SELECT * FROM tbl_user_info";
List<UserVO> userList = new ArrayList<UserVO>();
Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
while(rs.next()) {
UserVO user = new UserVO();
user.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
user.setUserName(rs.getString("user_name"));
user.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
user.setSex(rs.getInt("sex"));
user.setCreateDt(rs.getDate("create_dt"));
userList.add(user);
}
return userList;
}
//自由查询
public List<UserVO> queryByParams(List<Map<String, Object>> params) throws Exception {
Connection conn = DBUtil.connectDB();
StringBuilder sql = new StringBuilder("SELECT * FROM tbl_user_info WHERE 1=1 ");
for(Map<String, Object> param : params) {
sql.append(" and ");
sql.append(" " + param.get("col") + " ");
sql.append(" " + param.get("rel") + " ");
sql.append(" " + param.get("value") + " ");
}
System.out.println(sql.toString());
List<UserVO> userList = new ArrayList<UserVO>();
Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql.toString());
while(rs.next()) {
UserVO user = new UserVO();
user.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
user.setUserName(rs.getString("user_name"));
user.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
user.setSex(rs.getInt("sex"));
user.setCreateDt(rs.getDate("create_dt"));
userList.add(user);
}
return userList;
}
//添加用户
public void addUser(UserVO user) throws Exception {
Connection conn = DBUtil.connectDB();
String sql = "INSERT INTO tbl_user_info(user_name, age, sex, create_dt) "
+ " VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?)";
PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
pstmt.setString(1, user.getUserName());
pstmt.setInt(2, user.getAge());
pstmt.setInt(3, user.getSex());
pstmt.setDate(4, new Date(new java.util.Date().getTime()));
pstmt.execute();
}
//删除用户
public void deleteUser(int id) throws Exception {
Connection conn = DBUtil.connectDB();
String sql = "DELETE FROM tbl_user_info WHERE id = ?";
PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
pstmt.setInt(1, id);
pstmt.execute();
}
//更新
public void updateUser(UserVO user) throws Exception {
Connection conn = DBUtil.connectDB();
String sql = "UPDATE tbl_user_info SET user_name=?, age=?, sex=?"
+ " WHERE id=?";
PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
pstmt.setString(1, user.getUserName());
pstmt.setInt(2, user.getAge());
pstmt.setInt(3, user.getSex());
pstmt.setInt(4, user.getId());
pstmt.executeUpdate();
}
}
queryAll.java
package com.imooc.jdb;
import java.util.List;
public class queryAll {
public static void main(String[] args) {
UserDao dao = new UserDao();
try {
List<UserVO> userList = dao.queryAll();
for(UserVO user : userList) {
System.out.println(user);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
截图:
QueryByParams.java
package com.imooc.jdb;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
public class queryByParams {
public static void main(String[] args) {
UserDao dao = new UserDao();
List<Map<String, Object>> params = new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();
Map<String, Object> param1 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
param1.put("col", "user_name");
param1.put("rel", "like");
param1.put("value", "'%John%'");
params.add(param1);
Map<String, Object> param2 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
param2.put("col", "sex");
param2.put("rel", "=");
param2.put("value", 1);
params.add(param2);
try {
List<UserVO> userList = dao.queryByParams(params);
for(UserVO user : userList) {
System.out.println(user);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
截图:
addUser.java
package com.imooc.jdb;
public class addUser {
public static void main(String[] args) {
UserDao dao = new UserDao();
UserVO user = new UserVO();
user.setUserName("Tom");
user.setAge(20);
user.setSex(1);
try {
dao.addUser(user);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
deleteUser.java
package com.imooc.jdb;
public class deleteUser {
public static void main(String[] args) {
UserDao dao = new UserDao();
try {
dao.deleteUser(7);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
截图:
UpdateUser.java
package com.imooc.jdb;
public class updateUser {
public static void main(String[] args) {
UserDao dao = new UserDao();
UserVO user = new UserVO();
user.setUserName("Mary");
user.setAge(30);
user.setSex(0);
user.setId(4);
try {
dao.updateUser(user);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
截图:
四、心得体会:
理解了JDBC的工作原理,掌握JDBC访问数据库;掌握了常见数据库MYSQL;