Brackets Sequence
POJ 1141
给一个由()[]组成的字符串,求将其补成Brackets Sequence所需的最小字符数。
(), [], (()), ([]), ()[], ()[()] 都是合法的序列。
区间动规,外层枚举区间长度:
d
p
[
i
]
[
j
]
=
min
i
<
=
k
<
j
(
d
p
[
i
]
[
k
]
+
d
p
[
k
+
1
]
[
j
]
)
dp[i][j] = \min_{i<=k<j}(dp[i][k] + dp[k+1][j])
dp[i][j]=i<=k<jmin(dp[i][k]+dp[k+1][j])特别地,当
s
i
,
s
j
s_i,s_j
si,sj=‘()’或
s
i
,
s
j
s_i,s_j
si,sj=‘[]’时,有
d
p
[
i
]
[
j
]
=
min
i
<
=
k
<
j
(
d
[
i
+
1
]
[
j
−
1
]
,
d
p
[
i
]
[
k
]
+
d
p
[
k
+
1
]
[
j
]
)
dp[i][j]= \min_{i<=k<j}(d[i+1][j-1], \ dp[i][k] + dp[k+1][j])
dp[i][j]=i<=k<jmin(d[i+1][j−1], dp[i][k]+dp[k+1][j]).
题目要求输出添括号之后的数列,用
p
a
t
h
[
i
]
[
j
]
=
{
−
1
s
i
与
s
j
括
号
匹
配
k
d
p
[
i
]
[
k
]
+
d
p
[
k
+
1
]
[
j
]
最
小
时
的
划
分
点
\begin{aligned} path[i][j] = \left\{ \begin{array}{lr} -1& s_i与s_j括号匹配\\ k & dp[i][k] + dp[k+1][j]最小时的划分点 \end{array} \right. \end{aligned}
path[i][j]={−1ksi与sj括号匹配dp[i][k]+dp[k+1][j]最小时的划分点然后递归输出匹配后的字符串。
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <cmath>
#include <cctype>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <stack>
#include <queue>
#define ll long long
#define inf 0x3f3f3f3f
using namespace std;
const int N = 1e2+10;
typedef std::pair<int, int> pii;
string s;
int n;
int dp[N][N],path[N][N];
void dfs(int l,int r){
if(l>r) return;
if(l==r) {
if(s[l]=='('||s[l]==')') cout<<"()";
if(s[l]=='['||s[l]==']') cout<<"[]";
return;
}
if(path[l][r]==-1) {
cout<<s[l];
dfs(l+1,r-1);
cout<<s[r];
return;
}
dfs(l,path[l][r]);
dfs(path[l][r]+1,r);
}
inline void init(){
cin>>s;
n=s.size();
memset(dp,0,sizeof dp);
for(int i=0;i<n;i++) dp[i][i]=1;
}
int main() {
ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
cin.tie(0);
cout.tie(0);
init();
for (int len = 1; len < n; len++)
for (int i = 0; i < n - len; i++) {
int j = i + len;
dp[i][j]=inf;
if ((s[i] == '[' && s[j] == ']') || (s[i] == '(' && s[j] == ')')) {
dp[i][j] = dp[i + 1][j - 1];
path[i][j] = -1;
}
int pos=-1;
for (int k = i; k < j; k++)
if (dp[i][j] > dp[i][k] + dp[k + 1][j]) {
dp[i][j] = dp[i][k] + dp[k + 1][j];
pos = k;
}
if(pos!=-1) path[i][j]=pos;
}
dfs(0, n - 1);
cout<<"\n";
//std::cout<<dp[0][n-1]<<endl;
return 0;
}