service汇总（service模拟后台下载、service刷新UI、service与Activity生命周期关系、service和活动间的通信）

Mr_Leixiansheng

已于 2023-06-29 16:45:18 修改

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分类专栏：安卓初学数据库/文件下载文章标签： ui android java

于 2017-05-03 10:33:26 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Mr_Leixiansheng/article/details/71107083

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转载请注明出处：service汇总（service模拟后台下载、service刷新UI、service与Activity生命周期关系、service和活动间的通信）_Mr_Leixiansheng的博客-CSDN博客

内容：详细讲解service

一、模拟后台下载（所有后台运行情况都相似）

二、service刷新活动UI

三、service和活动间的通信（）

四、service和活动生命周期关系

一、模拟后台下载（所有后台运行情况都相似）

二、service刷新活动UI

步骤：

1、新建两个活动，在第二个活动处开启service

2、service中启动下载，并不停发送广播

3、第二个活动重写 BroadcastReceiver 不停接收广播信息，并将接收的信息传递给活动进行UI更新

4、注册活动和service

代码如下：

package com.example.leixiansheng.servicetest2;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn);
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, SecondActivity.class);
                startActivity(intent);
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        Intent intent = new Intent(this, TestService.class);

        // bindService() 和活动关联，活动终止，绑定必须在次活动前解绑，否则报错
        // startService() 与活动无关联，自行运行。（任何活动都可以终止service）
        //退出程序也没有stopService ，service 依旧在运行
        //停止service
        stopService(intent);

    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/activity_main"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context="com.example.leixiansheng.servicetest2.MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:text="这是活动一"
        android:textSize="20dp"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn"
        android:text="Go to SecondActivity"
        android:textAllCaps="false"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />


</LinearLayout>

package com.example.leixiansheng.servicetest2;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;

/**
 * Created by Leixiansheng on 2017/4/25.
 */

public class SecondActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private Person person;
    private Intent intent;
    private TextView textView;
    private int num;
    private final static String MYACTION = "com.leixiansheng.broadcast";

    //刷新UI
    Handler handler = new Handler() {
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            super.handleMessage(msg);
            textView.setText("下载进度：" + num + "%");
        }
    };

    /**
     * person对象无用，
     * 只是为了测试开启service后
     * 再次进入时对象是否相同（测试结果：不同）
     * @param savedInstanceState
     */

    @Override
    protected void onCreate( Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.second_layout);

        //模拟（每次重新进入对象都不同）
        person = new Person();
        Log.i("SecondActivity", String.valueOf(person));

        textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text_view);
        Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.start);
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                intent = new Intent(SecondActivity.this, TestService.class);
                startService(intent);
                person.setContext(SecondActivity.this);
                person.getAll();
            }
        });

    }

    //接收广播传递的数据
    BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            //判断是否是所需广播
            if (MYACTION.equals(intent.getAction())) {
                num = intent.getIntExtra("CurrentLoading", 0);
                Log.e("SecondActivity", "get the broadcast from TestService..."+ num);
                //发送消息，提醒handler刷新UI
                handler.sendMessage(handler.obtainMessage());
            }
        }
    };

    //动态注册广播（也可以继承广播，以静态方式注册）
    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
        filter.addAction(MYACTION);
        registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
    }

    //销毁时必须解绑
    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        Log.i("MyBroadcastReceiver", "unregister the broadcast receiver...");
        unregisterReceiver(receiver);

//        stopService(intent);
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/text_view"
        android:text="等待下载"
        android:textSize="20dp"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/start"
        android:text="开始后台下载"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    <TextView
        android:text="这是活动二"
        android:textSize="20dp"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
</LinearLayout>

package com.example.leixiansheng.servicetest2;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;

import java.util.Timer;
import java.util.TimerTask;

/**
 * Created by Leixiansheng on 2017/4/25.
 */

public class TestService extends Service {

    private Person person;
    private int i;
    private Intent intent;
    private Timer timer;

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        person = new Person();
        Log.i("TestService", String.valueOf(person));
        intent = new Intent("com.leixiansheng.broadcast");

        //模拟开启后台下载
        timer = new Timer();
        timer.schedule(new MyTimerTask(),0,500);
    }

    private class MyTimerTask extends TimerTask {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            if (i == 100) {
                i = 0;
            }
            //携带数据，发送广播
            intent.putExtra("CurrentLoading", i);
            sendBroadcast(intent);
            i++;
            Log.e("TestService", "i=" + i);
        }
    }

    //活动结束，销毁timer
    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        timer.cancel();
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.leixiansheng.servicetest2">

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <activity android:name=".SecondActivity" />

        <service android:name=".TestService" />

    </application>

</manifest>

三、service和活动间的通信

四、service和活动生命周期关系

代码如下：

package com.example.leixiansheng.test;

import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private final static String TAG = "MainActivity";
    private Intent intent;
    private MyService.DownloadBinder downloadBinder;

    //此处与service进行通信
    private ServiceConnection connection = new ServiceConnection() {
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName componentName, IBinder iBinder) {
            downloadBinder = (MyService.DownloadBinder) iBinder;
            downloadBinder.progress();
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName componentName) {

        }
    };

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        intent = new Intent(this, MyService.class);
        startService(intent);
        bindService(intent, connection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
        Log.i(TAG, "onCreate");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        super.onStart();
        Log.i(TAG, "onStart");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        Log.i(TAG, "onResume");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
        Log.i(TAG, "onPause");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        super.onStop();
        Log.i(TAG, "onStop");
    }

    //必须解绑
    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        Log.i(TAG, "onDestroy");
        unbindService(connection);
        stopService(intent);
    }

}

package com.example.leixiansheng.test;

import android.app.DownloadManager;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;

/**
 * Created by Leixiansheng on 2017/5/2.
 */

public class MyService extends Service {
    private final static String TAG = "MyService";

    private DownloadBinder downloadBinder = new DownloadBinder();

    public class DownloadBinder extends Binder {
        public void progress() {
            Log.i(TAG, "progress");
        }
    }


    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        Log.i(TAG, "onBind");
        return downloadBinder;
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        Log.i(TAG, "onCreate");
    }

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        Log.i(TAG, "onStartCommand");
        return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        Log.i(TAG, "onDestroy");
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.leixiansheng.test">

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

        <service android:name=".MyService"/>
    </application>

</manifest>

运行顺序：

05-03 10:22:07.805 16119-16119/com.example.leixiansheng.test I/MainActivity: onCreate
05-03 10:22:07.805 16119-16119/com.example.leixiansheng.test I/MainActivity: onStart
05-03 10:22:07.805 16119-16119/com.example.leixiansheng.test I/MainActivity: onResume
05-03 10:22:07.835 16119-16119/com.example.leixiansheng.test I/MyService: onCreate
05-03 10:22:07.835 16119-16119/com.example.leixiansheng.test I/MyService: onStartCommand
05-03 10:22:07.835 16119-16119/com.example.leixiansheng.test I/MyService: onBind
05-03 10:22:07.915 16119-16119/com.example.leixiansheng.test I/MyService: progress
05-03 10:22:47.615 16119-16119/com.example.leixiansheng.test I/MainActivity: onPause
05-03 10:22:47.945 16119-16119/com.example.leixiansheng.test I/MainActivity: onStop
05-03 10:22:47.945 16119-16119/com.example.leixiansheng.test I/MainActivity: onDestroy
05-03 10:22:47.955 16119-16119/com.example.leixiansheng.test I/MyService: onDestroy

小结：

1、bindService() 和活动关联，活动终止，绑定必须在次活动前解绑，否则报错
startService() 与活动无关联，自行运行。（任何活动都可以终止service），退出程序也没有stopService ，service 依旧在运行

2、服务 onCreate 只执行一次，后面再startService 只执行onStartCommand

3、server本身就继承了活动的context

4、活动和服务的生命周期关系是，先开启活动，再执行服务，先销毁活动，再销毁服务

5、····待补充

Mr_Leixiansheng

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service汇总（service模拟后台下载、service刷新UI、service与Activity生命周期关系、service和活动间的通信）

内容：详细讲解service一、模拟后台下载（所有后台运行情况都相似）二、service刷新活动UI三、service和活动间的通信（）四、service和活动生命周期关系一、模拟后台下载（所有后台运行情况都相似）二、service刷新活动UI步骤：1、新建两个活动，在第二个活动处开启service2、service中启动下载，并不停
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