filter过滤

一、filter过滤器简介

 主要对JavaWeb应用的资源进行过滤。

    对请求和响应的进行处理

二、过滤器编码步骤

 a、编写一个类实现javax.servlet.Filter接口。在doFilter方法中编写过滤代码    过滤范围内的资源每次访问都会执行这个方法

    b、在web.xml中配置那些资源需要经过过滤器

<span style="white-space:pre">	</span><filter>
		<filter-name>SetCharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>test.filter.SetCharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <span style="color:#ff0000;">//类全名    </span>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>SetCharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>  <span style="color:#ff0000;"><strong>如果有多个过滤器是根据这个标签的顺序分前后的</strong></span>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>   <span style="color:#ff0000;">//配置应用范围  /*代表所有</span>
	</filter-mapping>

三、过滤器的执行过程和生命周期

 a、过滤器在应用启动时候就完成了初始化

         b、在过滤器范围内的应用每次访问都会调用doFilter方法

 c、应用被卸载时会调用destory方法

四、过滤器的几个练习

a、解决POST请求参数中文和输出中文的乱码过滤器

//1、解决POST请求参数中文和输出中文的乱码过滤器
public class SetCharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {

	private FilterConfig filterConfig;

	public void destroy() {	}

	public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
			FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
		String value = filterConfig.getInitParameter("encoding");
		if (value == null) {
			value = "UTF-8";
		}
		request.setCharacterEncoding(value);
		response.setContentType("text/html;charset=" + value);
		chain.doFilter(request, response);// 放行
	}

	@Override
	public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
		this.filterConfig = filterConfig;
	}

//动态资源不要缓存
public class DynamicResourcesNocacheFilter implements Filter {

	@Override
	public void destroy() {}
	@Override
	public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp,
			FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
		HttpServletRequest request; // 因为这个方法中的请求和响应是不带协议的所以要强转
		HttpServletResponse response;
		try {
			request = (HttpServletRequest) req;
			response = (HttpServletResponse) resp;
		} catch (ClassCastException e) {
			throw new RuntimeException("不是http协议");
		}
		response.setHeader("Expires","-1");
		response.setHeader("Cache-control", "no-cache");
		response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
		
		chain.doFilter(request, response);
		
	}