spring mvc @ResponseStatus 和 ResponseEntity

@ResponseStatus 是标记一个方法或异常类在返回时响应的http状态。其代码注释如下：

*
* <p>The status code is applied to the HTTP response when the handler
* method is invoked and overrides status information set by other means,
* like {@code ResponseEntity} or {@code "redirect:"}.
*
* <p><strong>Warning</strong>: when using this annotation on an exception
* class, or when setting the {@code reason} attribute of this annotation,
* the {@code HttpServletResponse.sendError} method will be used.
*
* <p>With {@code HttpServletResponse.sendError}, the response is considered
* complete and should not be written to any further. Furthermore, the Servlet
* container will typically write an HTML error page therefore making the
* use of a {@code reason} unsuitable for REST APIs. For such cases it is
* preferable to use a {@link org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity} as
* a return type and avoid the use of {@code @ResponseStatus} altogether.
*
* <p>Note that a controller class may also be annotated with
* {@code @ResponseStatus} and is then inherited by all {@code @RequestMapping}
* methods.

@ResponseStatus 可以结合 @ResponseBody 一起使用。

@RequestMapping("/testResponseBody")
@ResponseBody
public Map<String, String> testResponseBody(){
    return ImmutableMap.of("key", "value");
}


@RequestMapping("/testResponseBodyFaild")
@ResponseBody
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.NOT_IMPLEMENTED)
public Map<String, String> testResponseBodyFaild(){
    return ImmutableMap.of("key", "faild");
}

这两个handler method返回的http status code(http状态码) 分别是200 和 501。

ResponseEntity 是在 org.springframework.http.HttpEntity 的基础上添加了http status code(http状态码)，用于RestTemplate以及@Controller的HandlerMethod。它在Controoler中或者用于服务端响应时，作用是和@ResponseStatus与@ResponseBody结合起来的功能一样的。用于RestTemplate时，它是接收服务端返回的http status code 和 reason的。
代码注释如下：

 * Extension of {@link HttpEntity} that adds a {@link HttpStatus} status code.
 * Used in {@code RestTemplate} as well {@code @Controller} methods.
 *
 * <p>In {@code RestTemplate}, this class is returned by
 * {@link org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate#getForEntity getForEntity()} and
 * {@link org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate#exchange exchange()}:
 * <pre class="code">
 * ResponseEntity&lt;String&gt; entity = template.getForEntity("http://example.com", String.class);
 * String body = entity.getBody();
 * MediaType contentType = entity.getHeaders().getContentType();
 * HttpStatus statusCode = entity.getStatusCode();
 * </pre>
 *
 * <p>Can also be used in Spring MVC, as the return value from a @Controller method:
 * <pre class="code">
 * &#64;RequestMapping("/handle")
 * public ResponseEntity&lt;String&gt; handle() {
 *   URI location = ...;
 *   HttpHeaders responseHeaders = new HttpHeaders();
 *   responseHeaders.setLocation(location);
 *   responseHeaders.set("MyResponseHeader", "MyValue");
 *   return new ResponseEntity&lt;String&gt;("Hello World", responseHeaders, HttpStatus.CREATED);
 * }
 * </pre>
 * Or, by using a builder accessible via static methods:
 * <pre class="code">
 * &#64;RequestMapping("/handle")
 * public ResponseEntity&lt;String&gt; handle() {
 *   URI location = ...;
 *   return ResponseEntity.created(location).header("MyResponseHeader", "MyValue").body("Hello World");
 * }
 * </pre>

ResponseEntity 和 @ResponseStatus 一起使用是无效的

@RequestMapping("/testResponseEntity")
public ResponseEntity<Map<String, String>> testResponseEntity(){
    Map<String, String> map = ImmutableMap.of("key", "value");
    return ResponseEntity.ok(map);
}

@RequestMapping("/testResponseEntityFaild")
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.NOT_IMPLEMENTED)
public ResponseEntity<Map<String, String>> testResponseEntityFaild(){
    Map<String, String> map = ImmutableMap.of("key", "faild");
    return ResponseEntity.ok(map);
}


@RequestMapping("/testResponseEntityFaild2")
public ResponseEntity<Map<String, String>> testResponseEntityFaild2(){
    return ResponseEntity.badRequest().body(ImmutableMap.of("key", "faild"));
}

这三个handler method返回的http status code(http状态码) 分别是200 、 200 和 400。

完整的TestController代码

 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Created by saleson on 2017/5/5.
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/test")
public class TestController {

    @RequestMapping("/testResponseEntity")
    public ResponseEntity<Map<String, String>> testResponseEntity(){
        Map<String, String> map = ImmutableMap.of("key", "value");
        return ResponseEntity.ok(map);
    }

    @RequestMapping("/testResponseEntityFaild")
    @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.NOT_IMPLEMENTED)
    public ResponseEntity<Map<String, String>> testResponseEntityFaild(){
        Map<String, String> map = ImmutableMap.of("key", "faild");
        return ResponseEntity.ok(map);
    }


    @RequestMapping("/testResponseEntityFaild2")
    public ResponseEntity<Map<String, String>> testResponseEntityFaild2(){
        return ResponseEntity.badRequest().body(ImmutableMap.of("key", "faild"));
    }


    @RequestMapping("/testResponseBody")
    @ResponseBody
    public Map<String, String> testResponseBody(){
        return ImmutableMap.of("key", "value");
    }

    @RequestMapping("/testResponseBodyFaild")
    @ResponseBody
    @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.NOT_IMPLEMENTED)
    public Map<String, String> testResponseBodyFaild(){
        return ImmutableMap.of("key", "faild");
    }
}

返回的http status code截图: