android.database.sqlite.SQLiteConstraintException: NOT NULL constraint failed

最后发现：

由于greenDAO 3.0 生成的字段添加了非空约束。字段的类型设置为基本类型（如：int）默认会添加非空约束.

 

数据库的升级帮助类MySQLiteOpenHelper 改为一下实现即可：

 

/*

public class MySQLiteOpenHelper extends DaoMaster.DevOpenHelper {
    public MySQLiteOpenHelper(Context context, String name, SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory factory) {
        super(context, name, factory);
    }
    @Override
    public void onUpgrade(Database db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
        MigrationHelper.migrate(db, new MigrationHelper.ReCreateAllTableListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onCreateAllTables(Database db, boolean ifNotExists) {
                        DaoMaster.createAllTables(db, ifNotExists);
                    }
                    @Override
                    public void onDropAllTables(Database db, boolean ifExists) {
                        DaoMaster.dropAllTables(db, ifExists);
                    }
                },TestDataDao.class, TestData2Dao.class, TestData3Dao.class);
    }
}
 */
public class MigrationHelper {
    public static boolean DEBUG = false;
    private static String TAG = "MigrationHelper";
    private static final String SQLITE_MASTER = "sqlite_master";
    private static final String SQLITE_TEMP_MASTER = "sqlite_temp_master";

    private static WeakReference<ReCreateAllTableListener> weakListener;

    public interface ReCreateAllTableListener {
        void onCreateAllTables(Database db, boolean ifNotExists);

        void onDropAllTables(Database db, boolean ifExists);
    }

    public static void migrate(SQLiteDatabase db, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
        printLog("【The Old Database Version】" + db.getVersion());
        Database database = new StandardDatabase(db);
        migrate(database, daoClasses);
    }

    public static void migrate(SQLiteDatabase db, ReCreateAllTableListener listener, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
        weakListener = new WeakReference<>(listener);
        migrate(db, daoClasses);
    }

    public static void migrate(Database database, ReCreateAllTableListener listener, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
        weakListener = new WeakReference<>(listener);
        migrate(database, daoClasses);
    }

    public static void migrate(Database database, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
        printLog("【Generate temp table】start");
        generateTempTables(database, daoClasses);
        printLog("【Generate temp table】complete");

        ReCreateAllTableListener listener = weakListener.get();
        if (listener != null) {
            listener.onDropAllTables(database, true);
            printLog("【Drop all table by listener】");
            listener.onCreateAllTables(database, false);
            printLog("【Create all table by listener】");
        } else {
            dropAllTables(database, true, daoClasses);
            createAllTables(database, false, daoClasses);
        }
        printLog("【Restore data】start");
        restoreData(database, daoClasses);
        printLog("【Restore data】complete");
    }

    private static void generateTempTables(Database db, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
        for (int i = 0; i < daoClasses.length; i++) {
            String tempTableName = null;

            DaoConfig daoConfig = new DaoConfig(db, daoClasses[i]);
            String tableName = daoConfig.tablename;
            if (!isTableExists(db, false, tableName)) {
                printLog("【New Table】" + tableName);
                continue;
            }
            try {
                tempTableName = daoConfig.tablename.concat("_TEMP");
                StringBuilder dropTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
                dropTableStringBuilder.append("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS ").append(tempTableName).append(";");
                db.execSQL(dropTableStringBuilder.toString());

                StringBuilder insertTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
                insertTableStringBuilder.append("CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE ").append(tempTableName);
                insertTableStringBuilder.append(" AS SELECT * FROM ").append(tableName).append(";");
                db.execSQL(insertTableStringBuilder.toString());
                printLog("【Table】" + tableName + "\n ---Columns-->" + getColumnsStr(daoConfig));
                printLog("【Generate temp table】" + tempTableName);
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "【Failed to generate temp table】" + tempTableName, e);
            }
        }
    }

    private static boolean isTableExists(Database db, boolean isTemp, String tableName) {
        if (db == null || TextUtils.isEmpty(tableName)) {
            return false;
        }
        String dbName = isTemp ? SQLITE_TEMP_MASTER : SQLITE_MASTER;
        String sql = "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM " + dbName + " WHERE type = ? AND name = ?";
        Cursor cursor = null;
        int count = 0;
        try {
            cursor = db.rawQuery(sql, new String[]{"table", tableName});
            if (cursor == null || !cursor.moveToFirst()) {
                return false;
            }
            count = cursor.getInt(0);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (cursor != null) {
                cursor.close();
            }
        }
        return count > 0;
    }


    private static String getColumnsStr(DaoConfig daoConfig) {
        if (daoConfig == null) {
            return "no columns";
        }
        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < daoConfig.allColumns.length; i++) {
            builder.append(daoConfig.allColumns[i]);
            builder.append(",");
        }
        if (builder.length() > 0) {
            builder.deleteCharAt(builder.length() - 1);
        }
        return builder.toString();
    }


    private static void dropAllTables(Database db, boolean ifExists, @NonNull Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
        reflectMethod(db, "dropTable", ifExists, daoClasses);
        printLog("【Drop all table by reflect】");
    }

    private static void createAllTables(Database db, boolean ifNotExists, @NonNull Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
        reflectMethod(db, "createTable", ifNotExists, daoClasses);
        printLog("【Create all table by reflect】");
    }

    /**
     * dao class already define the sql exec method, so just invoke it
     */
    private static void reflectMethod(Database db, String methodName, boolean isExists, @NonNull Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
        if (daoClasses.length < 1) {
            return;
        }
        try {
            for (Class cls : daoClasses) {
                Method method = cls.getDeclaredMethod(methodName, Database.class, boolean.class);
                method.invoke(null, db, isExists);
            }
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private static void restoreData(Database db, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
        for (int i = 0; i < daoClasses.length; i++) {
            DaoConfig daoConfig = new DaoConfig(db, daoClasses[i]);
            String tableName = daoConfig.tablename;
            String tempTableName = daoConfig.tablename.concat("_TEMP");

            if (!isTableExists(db, true, tempTableName)) {
                continue;
            }

            try {
                // get all columns from tempTable, take careful to use the columns list
                List<String> columns = getColumns(db, tempTableName);
                ArrayList<String> properties = new ArrayList<>(columns.size());
                for (int j = 0; j < daoConfig.properties.length; j++) {
//                    String columnName = daoConfig.properties[j].columnName;
//                    if (columns.contains(columnName)) {
//                        properties.add("`" + columnName + "`");
//                    }
                    String columnName = daoConfig.properties[j].columnName;
                    if (!columns.contains(columnName)) {
                        StringBuilder insertTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
                        insertTableStringBuilder.append("ALTER TABLE "+tempTableName +" ADD COLUMN "+columnName+
                                getTableType(daoConfig.properties[j].type));
                        db.execSQL(insertTableStringBuilder.toString());
                    }
                    properties.add(columnName);
                }
                if (properties.size() > 0) {
                    final String columnSQL = TextUtils.join(",", properties);

                    StringBuilder insertTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
                    insertTableStringBuilder.append("REPLACE INTO ").append(tableName).append(" (");
                    insertTableStringBuilder.append(columnSQL);
                    insertTableStringBuilder.append(") SELECT ");
                    insertTableStringBuilder.append(columnSQL);
                    insertTableStringBuilder.append(" FROM ").append(tempTableName).append(";");
                    db.execSQL(insertTableStringBuilder.toString());
                    printLog("【Restore data】 to " + tableName);
                }
                StringBuilder dropTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
                dropTableStringBuilder.append("DROP TABLE ").append(tempTableName);
                db.execSQL(dropTableStringBuilder.toString());
                printLog("【Drop temp table】" + tempTableName);
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                Log.e(TAG, "【Failed to restore data from temp table 】" + tempTableName, e);
            }
        }
    }

    private static List<String> getColumns(Database db, String tableName) {
        List<String> columns = null;
        Cursor cursor = null;
        try {
            cursor = db.rawQuery("SELECT * FROM " + tableName + " limit 0", null);
            if (null != cursor && cursor.getColumnCount() > 0) {
                columns = Arrays.asList(cursor.getColumnNames());
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (cursor != null) {
                cursor.close();
            }
            if (null == columns) {
                columns = new ArrayList<>();
            }
        }
        return columns;
    }

    private static Object getTableType(Class<?> type){
        if(type.equals(int.class)){
            return " INTEGER DEFAULT 0";
        }
        if(type.equals(long.class)){
            return " LONG DEFAULT 0";
        }
        if(type.equals(String.class)){
            return " TEXT ";
        }
        if(type.equals(boolean.class)){
            return " NUMERIC DEFAULT 0";
        }

        if(type.equals(float.class)){
            return " FLOAT DEFAULT 0";
        }

        if(type.equals(double.class)){
            return " DOUBLE DEFAULT 0";
        }
        return " TEXT";
    }

    private static void printLog(String info) {
        if (DEBUG) {
            Log.d(TAG, info);
        }
    }
}

以下是配合使用的其他类

public class MyApplication extends Application {
    private static final String DB_NAME = "demo.db";
    
    @SuppressLint("StaticFieldLeak")
    private static MyApplication instance;

    private DaoSession mDaoSession;

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        
        instance = this;
        
        /*
         *通过 DaoMaster 的内部类 DevOpenHelper，你可以得到一个便利的 SQLiteOpenHelper 对象。
         *可能你已经注意到了，你并不需要去编写「CREATE TABLE」这样的 SQL 语句，因为 greenDAO 已经帮你做了。
         * 注意：默认的 DaoMaster.DevOpenHelper 会在数据库升级时，删除所有的表，意味着这将导致数据的丢失。
         *      开发时使用DaoMaster.DevOpenHelper,正式时使用DaoMaster.OpenHelper
         *      所以，在正式的项目中，你还应该做一层封装，来实现数据库的安全升级。
         */
        DaoMaster.OpenHelper mHelper = new MyOpenHelper(this, DB_NAME, null);
        //db 对象，可用于原生查询
        SQLiteDatabase db = mHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        // 注意：该数据库连接属于 DaoMaster，所以多个 Session 指的是相同的数据库连接。
        DaoMaster mDaoMaster = new DaoMaster(db);
        mDaoSession = mDaoMaster.newSession();
    }

    public DaoSession getDaoSession() {
        return mDaoSession;
    }

    private void closeDaoSession() {
        if (null != mDaoSession) {
            mDaoSession.clear();
            mDaoSession = null;
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * 获取MyApplication单例
     *
     * @return instance
     */
    public static MyApplication getInstance() {
        return instance;
    }
}

public class MyOpenHelper extends DaoMaster.OpenHelper {
    public MyOpenHelper(Context context, String name) {
        super(context, name, null);
    }

    public MyOpenHelper(Context context, String name, SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory factory) {
        super(context, name, factory);
    }

    @Override
    public void onUpgrade(Database db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
        MigrationHelper.migrate(db, new MigrationHelper.ReCreateAllTableListener() {
            @Override
            public void onCreateAllTables(Database db, boolean ifNotExists) {
                DaoMaster.createAllTables(db, ifNotExists);
            }

            @Override
            public void onDropAllTables(Database db, boolean ifExists) {
                DaoMaster.dropAllTables(db, ifExists);
            }
        }, DemoOneDao.class, DemoTwoDao.class);
    }
}