Linux下安装Jenkins笔记

Linux编译安装Jenkins笔记

下载

使用清华镜像源下载rpm包（https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/redhat-stable/）

wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/redhat-stable/jenkins-2.303.3-1.1.noarch.rpm

安装

yum insatll jenkins-2.303.3-1.1.noarch.rpm

出现Complete!即安装成功。

查看已安装的jenkins包

[root@centos-7 tmp]# rpm -qa jenkins
jenkins-2.303.3-1.1.noarch

Jenkins安装目录

[root@centos-7 tmp]# rpm -ql jenkins
/etc/init.d/jenkins
/etc/logrotate.d/jenkins
/etc/sysconfig/jenkins
/usr/lib/jenkins
/usr/lib/jenkins/jenkins.war
/usr/sbin/rcjenkins
/var/cache/jenkins
/var/lib/jenkins
/var/log/jenkins

优化Jenkins JVM

注：-Xss参数为每个线程所占用的内存大小，在Jenkins中必须大于等于256k，如果为128则报错Starting Jenkins Error:
Could not create the Java Virtual Machine.无法创建JVM线程。

在/etc/sysconfig/jenkins中修改

JENKINS_JAVA_OPTIONS="-server -Xms2048m -Xmx2048m -Xmn256m -Xss256k -XX:+UseG1GC -XX:MaxGCPauseMillis=200 -XX:InitiatingHeapOccupancyPercent=30 -XX:ParallelGCThreads=8 -XX:ConcGCThreads=4 -Djava.awt.headless=true"

启动Jenkins

systemctl start jenkins
chkconfig --add jenkins
chkconfig jenkins on

启动Jenkins问题一

启动后通过ps查不到jenkins进程，查看jenkins状态如下

问题出现原因

此问题是以为Jenkins默认程序用户jenkins没有权限创建相关的日志目录导致的。

解决办法

将相关目录的属主属组改为jenkins，重新启动即可正常启动

chown -R jenkins:jenkins /var/lib/jenkins
chown -R jenkins:jenkins /var/cache/jenkins
chown -R jenkins:jenkins /var/log/jenkins
systemctl restart jenkins

启动Jenkins问题二

[root@centos-7 tmp]# systemctl start jenkins
Job for jenkins.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status jenkins.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
[root@centos-7 tmp]# systemctl status jenkins.service
● jenkins.service - LSB: Jenkins Automation Server
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/jenkins; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Fri 2021-11-12 16:16:59 CST; 13s ago
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
  Process: 16493 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/jenkins start (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)

Nov 12 16:16:59 centos-7 systemd[1]: Starting LSB: Jenkins Automation Server...
Nov 12 16:16:59 centos-7 jenkins[16493]: Starting Jenkins File "/usr/bin/java" is not executable.
Nov 12 16:16:59 centos-7 jenkins[16493]: [FAILED]
Nov 12 16:16:59 centos-7 systemd[1]: jenkins.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1
Nov 12 16:16:59 centos-7 systemd[1]: Failed to start LSB: Jenkins Automation Server.
Nov 12 16:16:59 centos-7 systemd[1]: Unit jenkins.service entered failed state.
Nov 12 16:16:59 centos-7 systemd[1]: jenkins.service failed.

原因

根据上面报错“Starting Jenkins File “/usr/bin/java” is not executable.”可知道java没有找到

解决方法

两种方法：

创建/usr/bin/java软连接指向java安装目录

[root@centos-7 tmp]# ln -s /usr/local/jdk8u312-b07/bin/java /usr/bin/java
[root@centos-7 tmp]# ll /usr/bin/java
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 32 Nov 12 16:21 /usr/bin/java -> /usr/local/jdk8u312-b07/bin/java

将java安装目录添加到/etc/rc.d/init.d/jenkins中/usr/bin/java后面

/etc/alternatives/java
/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0/bin/java
/usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.8.0/bin/java
/usr/lib/jvm/java-11.0/bin/java
/usr/lib/jvm/jre-11.0/bin/java
/usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64
/usr/bin/java
/usr/local/jdk8u312-b07/bin/java

上面两种方法均可以

启动Jenkins问题三

如果修改jenkins配置中端口好后会启动失败

[root@centos-7 tmp]# vim /etc/sysconfig/jenkins 
[root@centos-7 tmp]# systemctl restart jenkins
[root@centos-7 tmp]# systemctl status jenkins
● jenkins.service - LSB: Jenkins Automation Server
   Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/jenkins; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (exited) since Fri 2021-11-12 16:34:44 CST; 6s ago
     Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
  Process: 16733 ExecStop=/etc/rc.d/init.d/jenkins stop (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 16745 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/jenkins start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

Nov 12 16:34:44 centos-7 systemd[1]: Starting LSB: Jenkins Automation Server...
Nov 12 16:34:44 centos-7 jenkins[16745]: Starting Jenkins [  OK  ]
Nov 12 16:34:44 centos-7 systemd[1]: Started LSB: Jenkins Automation Server.

原因

权限不够

解决方法

修改/etc/sysconfig/jenkins中JENKINS_USER为root

重新启动即可。

获取密码

[root@centos-7 test_001]# cat /var/log/jenkins/jenkins.log |grep -A 3 password
Jenkins initial setup is required. An admin user has been created and a password generated.
Please use the following password to proceed to installation:

#密码-复制
37d979fc6a2d4667a52210c20c2eb5f4

从日志中获取jenkins登录密码，用于登录

访问Web页面

http://ip:8080(输入自己的ip和jenkins配置中端口)

输入管理员密码

即我们上一步获取的密码。

获取密码

根据上面页面上提示密码地址

[root@centos-7 test_001]# cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword
e29bbba5f5bf4d528176efc64e81ee3d

安装推荐的插件

安装推荐的插件，这个过程可能需要一定的时间。

创建用户

可以先不创建，先用admin账号登录

实例配置

这里要正确配置，不然在后面配置邮件、企业微信、钉钉等通知时，默认给的链接是这个，如果错误或导致发送邮件中的链接打不开

就绪

既可以访问了

常用配置

修改Jenkins插件镜像地址

Jenkins 安装完成后，默认的插件更新中心地址为 https://updates.jenkins.io/update-center.json
此地址国内访问比较慢，所以建议改为以下地址

维护方	镜像中心地址
Jenkins中文社区	https://updates.jenkins-zh.cn/update-center.json
清华大学	https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/jenkins/updates/update-center.json
华为开源镜像站	https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/jenkins/updates/update-center.json

修改方法：

1.点击manage jenkins——》manage plugins

2.点开高级

修改完成后点击下面的提交，提交后点击立即获取，可以看到如下11秒前已更新来检查此镜像地址是否可用

Jenkins修改admin密码

点击右上角admin——》设置——》输入新密码——》保存——》保存密码后需要重新登录

重新登录

Jenkins修改中文

到插件管理——》搜索插件Localization: Chinese (Simplified)——》如果没有安装则安装，安装后重启Jenkins

在URL地址栏中输入http://ip:8080/restart
然后确认重启

重启后就为中文