山东大学舆情分析系统web服务器模块开发日志 2021.04.20

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这段时间一直在钻研使用python搭建web服务器的相关内容，因为以前只做过java的web服务器，对其内部的数据流动、信息的接收与响应等过程的了解不够深入，在研究过程中碰到了不小的阻碍。

首先我尝试了使用python自带的socket库，自己编写http监听类和Application类，用以获取网页的请求并作出响应。只能做到对静态web进行响应，响应动态网页的请求的方法尚未能掌握。

import socket
import gevent
import re
import sys

# 设置静态文件根目录
HTML_ROOT_DIR = './html'

WSGI_PYTHON_DIR = './wsgipython'



class HTTPServer(object):
    def __init__(self, application):
        self.server_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        self.server_socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
        self.server_socket.bind(("localhost", 8080))
        self.app = application

    def start(self):
        self.server_socket.listen(128)
        while True:
            client_socket, client_address = self.server_socket.accept()
            print("[%s, %s]用户连接上了" % client_address)
            handle_client_process = gevent.spawn(self.handle_socket, client_socket)
            handle_client_process.join()       

    def start_response(self, status, headers):
        """
        status="200 ok"
        headers = [
            ('Content-Type', 'text/plain')
        ]

        :param status:
        :param headers:
        :return:
        """

        response_headers = "HTTP1.1 " + status + "\r\n"
        for header in headers:
            response_headers += "%s: %s\r\n" % header

        self.response_headers = response_headers

    def handle_socket(self, client_socket):
        """处理客户端请求"""
        # 获取客户端请求数据
        request_data = client_socket.recv(1024)
        #print("request data: ", request_data)
        request_lines = request_data.splitlines()
        #for request_line in request_lines:
            #print(request_line)

        # 解析请求报文
        # 'GET / HTTP/1.1'
        request_start_line = request_lines[0]
        #print('&' * 20)
        #print(type(request_start_line))
        # 提取用户请求的文件名
        #print('*' * 10)
        print(request_start_line.decode('utf-8'))
        file_name = re.match(r"\w+ +(/[^ ]*) ", request_start_line.decode('utf-8')).group(1)
        method = re.match(r"(\w+) +/[^ ]* ", request_start_line.decode('utf-8')).group(1)

        print(file_name)
        print(method)

        env = {
                "PATH_INFO": file_name,
                'METHOD': method
            }
        response_body = self.app(env, self.start_response)
        response = self.response_headers + '\r\n' + response_body

        # 向客户端返回响应数据
        client_socket.send(bytes(response, 'utf-8'))

        # 关闭客户端连接
        client_socket.close()
        print("socket close")

import time

# 设置静态文件根目录
HTML_ROOT_DIR = "./html"

class Application(object):
    """框架的核心部分，也就是框架的主题程序，框架是通用的"""
    def __init__(self, urls):
        # 设置路由信息
        self.urls = urls

    def __call__(self, env, start_response):
        path = env.get("PATH_INFO", "/")
        print(path)
        # /static/index.html
        if path.startswith("/static"):
            # 要访问静态文件
            file_name = path[7:]
            # 打开文件，读取内容
            try:
                if file_name[-5:] == ".html":
                    file_name = file_name[:-5]
                file = open(HTML_ROOT_DIR + file_name + ".html", "rb")
            except IOError:
                # 代表未找到路由信息，404错误
                
                status = "404 Not Found"
                headers = []
                start_response(status, headers)
                return "not found"
            else:
                file_data = file.read()
                file.close()
                print(HTML_ROOT_DIR + file_name + ".html")
                status = "200 OK"
                headers = []
                start_response(status, headers)
                return file_data.decode("utf-8")
                
        print(HTML_ROOT_DIR + file_name + ".html Not Found")
        for url, handler in self.urls:
            #("/ctime", show_ctime)
            if path == url:
                return handler(env, start_response)

        # 代表未找到路由信息，404错误
        status = "404 Not Found"
        headers = []
        start_response(status, headers)
        return "not found"


def show_ctime(env, start_response):
    status = "200 OK"
    headers = [
        ("Content-Type", "text/plain")
    ]
    start_response(status, headers)
    return time.ctime()


def say_hello(env, start_response):
    status = "200 OK"
    headers = [
        ("Content-Type", "text/plain")
    ]
    start_response(status, headers)
    return "hello frawework"

def say_haha(env, start_response):
    status = "200 OK"
    headers = [
        ("Content-Type", "text/plain")
    ]
    start_response(status, headers)
    return "hello haha"


def main():
    #sys.path.insert(1, WSGI_PYTHON_DIR)
    #if len(sys.argv) < 2:
        #sys.exit("python MyWebServer_v1.py Module:app")
        ## python MyWebServer_v1.py  MyWebFrameWork:app
    #module_name, app_name = sys.argv[1].split(":")
    ## module_name = "MyWebFrameWork"
    ## app_name = "app"
    #m = __import__(module_name)
    #app = getattr(m, app_name)
    urls = [
            ("/", show_ctime),
            ("/ctime", show_ctime),
            ("/sayhello", say_hello),
            ("/sayhaha", say_haha),
        ]
    app = Application(urls)
    http_server = HTTPServer(app)
    # http_server.set_port

    http_server.start()



if __name__ == '__main__':
   main()

之后我发现socket对vue前端的响应存在一定的困难，就决定改用Django框架做后端的开发。
其大体步骤如下：
1、建立python的虚拟环境
2、安装Django框架
3、创建Django项目
4、将Django数据库更换为Mysql
5、创建Django实战项目App
6、配置相关内容
7、引入vue项目
8、将vue打包的dist文件夹部署到Django服务器

目前已经基本可以将vue测试项目部署在我的Django服务器上。