OpenCV—风水岭算法

分水岭分割方法，是一种基于拓扑理论的数学形态学的分割方法，其基本思想是把图像看作是测地学上的拓扑地貌，图像中每一点像素的灰度值表示该点的海拔高度，每一个局部极小值及其影响区域称为集水盆，而集水盆的边界则形成分水岭。分水岭的概念和形成可以通过模拟浸入过程来说明。在每一个局部极小值表面，刺穿一个小孔，然后把整个模型慢慢浸入水中，随着浸入的加深，每一个局部极小值的影响域慢慢向外扩展，在两个集水盆汇合处构筑大坝，即形成分水岭。 

import cv2 as cv
import numpy as np


def water_demo():
    bulled = cv.pyrMeanShiftFiltering(src, 10, 100)

    gray = cv.cvtColor(bulled, cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    ret, binary = cv.threshold(gray, 0, 255, cv.THRESH_BINARY_INV | cv.THRESH_OTSU)
    cv.imshow("binary", binary)

    kernel = cv.getStructuringElement(cv.MORPH_RECT, (3, 3))
    mp = cv.morphologyEx(binary,cv.MORPH_OPEN, kernel, iterations=2)
    sur_bg = cv.dilate(mp, kernel,iterations=3)
    cv.imshow("sur", sur_bg)

    # 距离变换
    dist = cv.distanceTransform(sur_bg, cv.DIST_L2, 3)
    dist_open = cv.normalize(dist, 0, 1.0, cv.NORM_MINMAX)
    cv.imshow("dist open", dist_open * 50)

    ret, surface = cv.threshold(dist, dist.max()*0.6, 255, cv.THRESH_BINARY)
    cv.imshow("bin", surface)

    surface_fg = np.uint8(surface)
    unknow = cv.subtract(sur_bg, surface_fg)
    ret, marks = cv.connectedComponents(surface_fg)
    print(ret)

    marks = marks + 1
    marks[unknow == 255] = 0
    marks = cv.watershed(src, markers=marks)
    src[marks == -1] = (0, 0, 255)
    cv.imshow("result", src)


src = cv.imread("./../img/8.jpg")
cv.namedWindow("input img", cv.WINDOW_AUTOSIZE)
cv.imshow("input img", src)
water_demo()
cv.waitKey(0)
cv.destroyAllWindows()