Hibernate关系映射（三）多对一单向关联@ManyToOne Annotation方式

本篇介绍多对一的单向关联，应用场景是这样的，实体类汽车（Car），具有以下属性：Id，铭牌（name），车主（owner），实体类车主（Owner），具有以下属性：Id，姓名（name）。那么一辆车只能有一个车主，但是一个土豪车主可以拥有多辆汽车，这是一个多对一的关系。下面是表结构：

t_car表中有一个owner_id字段作为外键指向t_owner表，参照的是t_owner表的id
重点内容
在多对一或者一对多关系中，要将外键设置在多的一方，避免冗余

下面是实体类的代码：

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name="t_owner")
public class Owner {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;



    public Owner() {
        super();
    }

    public Owner(Integer id, String name) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Entity
@Table(name="t_car")
public class Car {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Owner owner;

    public Car() {
        super();
    }

    public Car(Integer id, String name, Owner owner) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.owner = owner;
    }

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @ManyToOne
    public Owner getOwner() {
        return owner;
    }

    public void setOwner(Owner owner) {
        this.owner = owner;
    }

}

下面进行CRUD的测试：
首先进行增加数据的测试，testCreate()

     @Test
     public void testCreate(){
      Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
      session.beginTransaction();

      Owner owner = new Owner();
      owner.setName("Annan_Wang");

      Car car1 = new Car();
      car1.setName("Ford Mustang 5.0L V8");
      car1.setOwner(owner);

      Car car2 = new Car();
      car2.setName("Benz G63 AMG");
      car2.setOwner(owner);

      session.save(owner);
      session.save(car1);
      session.save(car2);

      session.getTransaction().commit();
     }

结果：

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读取测试，testRead()

     @Test
     public void testRead(){
         Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
         session.beginTransaction();

         Owner owner = (Owner) session.load(Owner.class, 1);
         System.out.println(owner.getName());

         Car car1 = (Car) session.load(Car.class, 1);
         System.out.println(car1.getName()+"  "+car1.getOwner().getName());
         Car car2 = (Car) session.load(Car.class, 2);
         System.out.println(car2.getName()+"  "+car2.getOwner().getName());

         session.getTransaction().commit();
     }

单向关联就不能从车主找到拥有的车辆，只能从车辆找到所属的车主。
结果：

Annan_Wang
Ford Mustang 5.0L V8  Annan_Wang
Benz G63 AMG  Annan_Wang

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更新测试，testUpdate()

     @Test
     public void testUpdate(){
         Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
         session.beginTransaction();

         Owner owner = (Owner) session.load(Owner.class, 1);
         owner.setName("王XX");

         Car car1 = (Car) session.load(Car.class, 1);
         car1.setName("福特-野马 5.0L V8");

         Car car2 = (Car) session.load(Car.class, 2);
         car2.setName("梅赛德斯奔驰 G63 AMG");

         session.saveOrUpdate(owner);
         session.saveOrUpdate(car1);
         session.saveOrUpdate(car2);


         session.getTransaction().commit();
     }

结果：

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最后是删除测试，testDelete()，实际情况是该车主出售了自己的奔驰硬派越野车。

     @Test
     public void testDelete(){
         Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
         session.beginTransaction();

         Car car = (Car) session.load(Car.class, 2);
         session.delete(car);

         session.getTransaction().commit();
     }

测试成功，车主还在，车少了一辆大奔。

现在实际情况是，车主移民了，需要删除车主信息，但是还有一辆福特野马应该存在数据库中，做法是，先读取车辆信息，断开与车主的关联，再删除车主信息。

     @Test
     public void testDelete(){
         Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
         session.beginTransaction();

         Car car = (Car) session.load(Car.class, 1);
         car.setOwner(null);

         Owner owner = (Owner) session.load(Owner.class, 1);

         session.delete(owner);

         session.getTransaction().commit();
     }

结果：


车主移民成功，车辆处于无主状态。测试成功。

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希望能对你有所帮助，下一篇介绍一对多单向关联。