Spring AOP之切点拦截

在上一个Spring AOP通知的例子，一个类的整个方法被自动拦截。但在大多数情况下，可能只需要一种方式来拦截一个或两个方法，这就是为什么引入'切入点'的原因。它允许你通过它的方法名来拦截方法。另外，一个“切入点”必须具有“Advisor' 相关联。

在Spring AOP中，有三个非常专业术语- Advices, Point, Advisor，把它在非官方的方式...

• Advice – 指示之前或方法执行后采取的行动。
• Pointcut– 指明哪些方法应该拦截，通过方法的名称或正则表达式模式。
• Advisor – 分组"通知"和”切入点“成为一个单元，并把它传递到代理工厂对象。

File : CustomerService.java

package com.spring.aop;

public class CustomerService {
	
	private String name;
	private String url;
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String geturl() {
		return url;
	}
	public void seturl(String url) {
		this.url = url;
	}
	public void printName(){
		System.out.println("CustomerName :"+this.name);
	}
	public void printURL(){
		System.out.println("CustomerURL "+this.url);
	}
	public void  printThrowException() throws IllegalAccessException{
		throw new IllegalAccessException();
	}
}

File : bean.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
	
    <bean id="customerservice" class="com.spring.aop.CustomerService">
    		<property name="name" value="Yahoo"></property>
    		<property name="url" value="www.yahoo.com"></property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="hijackAroundMethod" class="com.spring.aop.HijackAroundMethod"></bean>
    <bean id="customerserviceProxy"  class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
    	<property name="target" ref="customerservice"></property>
    	<property name="interceptorNames">
    			<list>
    				<value>custmerAdvisor</value>
    			</list>
    	</property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="customerPointcut" class="org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcut">
    	<property name="mappedName" value="printName"></property>
    </bean>
    <bean id="custmerAdvisor" class="org.springframework.aop.support.DefaultPointcutAdvisor">    
    	<property name="pointcut" ref="customerPointcut"></property>
    	<property name="advice" ref="hijackAroundMethod"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

然我们看看bean.xml的一些配置信息是什么意思：

通过“切入点”和“advisor”拦截printName()方法。创建NameMatchMethodYiibaicut切入点bean，并提出要在“mappedName”属性值来拦截方法名。

<bean id="customerPointcut" class="org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcut">
    	<property name="mappedName" value="printName"></property>
    </bean>

创建 DefaultPointcutAdvisor 通知 bean，通知和切入点相关联。

<bean id="custmerAdvisor" class="org.springframework.aop.support.DefaultPointcutAdvisor">    
    	<property name="pointcut" ref="customerPointcut"></property>
    	<property name="advice" ref="hijackAroundMethod"></property>
    </bean>

更换代理“interceptorNames”到“customerAdvisor”（它是“hijackAroundMethod”）。

<bean id="customerserviceProxy"  class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
    	<property name="target" ref="customerservice"></property>
    	<property name="interceptorNames">
    			<list>
    				<value>custmerAdvisor</value>
    			</list>
    	</property>
    </bean>

现在，只拦截 printName()方法。

PointcutAdvisor

Spring提供了PintcutAdvisor类来保存工作声明advisor和切入点到不同的bean，可以使用 NameMatchMethodPointcutAdvisor 两者结合成一个 bean。

<bean id="customerPointcut" class="org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcut">
    	<property name="mappedName" value="printName"></property>
    </bean>

File : HijackAroundMethod.java

package com.spring.aop;

import java.util.Arrays;
import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInterceptor;
import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInvocation;
public class HijackAroundMethod   implements MethodInterceptor{

	
	@Override
	public Object invoke(MethodInvocation methodInvocation) throws Throwable {
		System.out.println("Method Name "+
							methodInvocation.getMethod().getName());
		System.out.println("Argument Name"+
							methodInvocation.getArguments());
		System.out.println("HijackAroundMethod Mentod :Before HijackAround");
		try {
			Object result = methodInvocation.proceed();
			System.out.println("HijackAroundMethod Mentod :after HijackAround");
			return result;
		} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
			System.out.println("HijackAroundMethod : Throw exception hijacked!");
			throw e;
		}
	}

	


}

执行它

package com.spring.aop;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Main {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
		CustomerService customerservice = (CustomerService) context.getBean("customerserviceProxy");
		System.out.println("------------------------------------------");
		customerservice.printName();
		System.out.println("------------------------------------------");
		customerservice.printURL();
		System.out.println("------------------------------------------");
		try {
			customerservice.printThrowException();
		} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

再次运行，输出

Method Name printName
Argument Name[Ljava.lang.Object;@543e710e
HijackAroundMethod Mentod :Before HijackAround
CustomerName :Yahoo
HijackAroundMethod Mentod :after HijackAround
------------------------------------------
CustomerURL www.yahoo.com
------------------------------------------

2.切入点 - 正则表达式的例子

也可以通过使用正则表达式匹配切入点方法的名称  – RegexpMethodPointcutAdvisor.

<bean id="customerAdvisor"
		class="org.springframework.aop.support.RegexpMethodPointcutAdvisor">
		<property name="patterns">
			<list>
				<value>.*URL.*</value>
			</list>
		</property>
		<property name="advice" ref="hijackAroundMethod" />
	</bean> 

现在，它拦截方法名称中有“URL”的方法。在实践中，可以用它来管理DAO层，声明“.*DAO.*” 拦截所有的DAO类来支持事务。