xml文件的更改（W3CDom解决DTD丢失问题）

下面是一个简单的xml文件，另外项目简单的架构也展示了出来

package com.test;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
public class TsetDom {
public static void main(String[] args) {
	System.out.println("dom操作xml文件");
	//修改
	modify("b1","");
	//删除
	delete("骆驼祥子");
	//新增book节点
	add();
	//查询
	show();
}

private static void delete(String string) {

}

private static void modify(String string, String string2) {
	
}
//添加
private static void add() {
	DocumentBuilderFactory fac= DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
	try {
		DocumentBuilder dbd = fac.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document doc = dbd.parse(new File("books.xml")); 
		//创建book title author节点
		Element book = doc.createElement("book");
		Element title = doc.createElement("title");
		Element author = doc.createElement("author");
		book.setAttribute("id", "b8");
		title.setTextContent("西游记");
		author.setTextContent("吴承恩");
		//节点关系说明
		book.appendChild(title);
		book.appendChild(author);
		
		Node books = doc.getElementsByTagName("books").item(0);
		books.appendChild(book);
		//从dom对象更新到xml
		TransformerFactory tranFac = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
		Transformer trans = tranFac.newTransformer();
		
		DOMSource domSource = new DOMSource(doc);
		//字符集设置
		trans.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "utf-8");
//使用W3CDom编辑完上面的XML文件，把document转换为XML文件的时候，DTD定义会丢失，加入下面两行代码报空异常，所以我就改变的实现的方式
//trans.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.DOCTYPE_PUBLIC, "doc.getDoctype().getPublicId()");
//trans.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.DOCTYPE_SYSTEM,doc.getDoctype().getSystemId());
//解决办法：加入下面的一行代码，调用后正常引用DTD文件
	  trans.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.DOCTYPE_SYSTEM, "dtd1.dtd");
		
		StreamResult streamResult = new StreamResult(new FileOutputStream("books.xml"));
		trans.transform(domSource, streamResult);
		System.out.println("add操作完成");
	} catch (Exception e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
	}
}
private static void show(){
	//1.创建解析器工厂
	//2.创建解析器
	//3.获得dom对象
    try {
		DocumentBuilderFactory fac = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder dbd = fac.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document doc = dbd.parse(new File("books.xml"));
		
		NodeList books = doc.getElementsByTagName("book");
 //	    System.out.println(books.getLength());
		for (int i = 0; i < books.getLength(); i++) {
			Node book = books.item(i);
		    NodeList fields = book.getChildNodes();
 //		System.out.println(fields.getLength());
		    for (int j = 0; j < fields.getLength(); j++) {
				Node field = fields.item(j);
				//判断node是否是标题或者作者
				if("title".equals(field.getNodeName()) || "author".equals(field.getNodeName())) {
					//标题或作者
					System.out.print(field.getTextContent()+" ");						
				}
			}
		    System.out.println("");
		}
		System.out.println("操作完成");
	} catch (Exception e) {
		e.printStackTrace();
	}
}
}

dtd1.dtd中内容如下
<!ELEMENT books (book+)>
<!ELEMENT book (title,author)>
<!ELEMENT title (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT author (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST book id ID #REQUIRED>