活跃性与性能

通过缩小同步代码块的作用范围，我们很容易做到既确保程序的并发性，同时又能维护线程的安全性。尽量将不影响共享状态且执行时间较长的操作从同步代码块中分离出去。

@ThreadSafe
public class CachedFactorizer extends GenericServlet implements Servlet {
    @GuardedBy("this") private BigInteger lastNumber;
    @GuardedBy("this") private BigInteger[] lastFactors;
    @GuardedBy("this") private long hits;
    @GuardedBy("this") private long cacheHits;

    public synchronized long getHits() {
        return hits;
    }

    public synchronized double getCacheHitRatio() {
        return (double) cacheHits / (double) hits;
    }

    public void service(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp) {
        BigInteger i = extractFromRequest(req);
        BigInteger[] factors = null;
        synchronized (this) {
            ++hits;
            if (i.equals(lastNumber)) {
                ++cacheHits;
                factors = lastFactors.clone();
            }
        }
        if (factors == null) {
            factors = factor(i);
            synchronized (this) {
                lastNumber = i;
                lastFactors = factors.clone();
            }
        }
        encodeIntoResponse(resp, factors);
    }

    void encodeIntoResponse(ServletResponse resp, BigInteger[] factors) {
    }

    BigInteger extractFromRequest(ServletRequest req) {
        return new BigInteger("7");
    }

    BigInteger[] factor(BigInteger i) {
        // Doesn't really factor
        return new BigInteger[]{i};
    }
}