ProC SQL statements

最近遇到一个奇怪的问题， 花了半天时间，终于解决了问题， 但是还不清楚原因 :-(

在Pro C程序里写了以下的代码：

EXEC SQL UPDATE XXX_TABLE T
                  SET T.AMOUNT =  T.AMOUNT -   0.01 ,
                      T.AMOUNT_X  =  T.AMOUNT_X  +   0.01
                  WHERE T.AMOUNT  =   - T.AMOUNT_X  AND
                        T.AMOUNT -
                           (SELECT SUM(A.X_AMOUNT)
                            FROM XXX_TABLE _HISTORY A
                            WHERE A.NO  =  T.NO)  =   0.01 ;

 预编译出现以下错误：

  Error at line 3270, column 36 in file retifydb.pc
                           (SELECT SUM(A.X_AMOUNT)
...................................1
PCC-S-02201, Encountered the symbol "SUM" when expecting one of the following:

   ( ) * + - / . @ | at, day, hour, minute, month, second, year,
The symbol "(" was substituted for "SUM" to continue.

Syntax error at line 3271, column 31, file ret_awardsretifydb.pc:
Error at line 3271, column 31 in file ret_awardsretifydb.pc
                              FROM XXX_TABLE _HISTORY A
..............................1
PCC-S-02201, Encountered the symbol "FROM" when expecting one of the following:

   , ) * + - / | at, day, hour, minute, month, second, year,

Syntax error at line 3272, column 66, file ret_awardsretifydb.pc:
Error at line 3272, column 66 in file ret_awardsretifydb.pc
                              WHERE A.NO = T.NO) = 0.01;
.................................................................1
PCC-S-02201, Encountered the symbol "=" when expecting one of the following:

   ) union, intersect, minus, order,

Error at line 0, column 0 in file ret_awardsretifydb.pc
PCC-F-02102, Fatal error while doing C preprocessing
*** Error exit code 1

后来改写成PL/SQL， 事实证明这个方案行得通；

但是照现在这样写也没觉得有什么错啊， 如果是环境配置问题，早就该出现这种问题了， 为什么其他的程序运行良好呢。

现在把上面的语句改成下面的：

EXEC SQL UPDATE XXX_TABLE T
                  SET T.AMOUNT =  T.AMOUNT -   0.01 ,
                      T.AMOUNT_X  =  T.AMOUNT_X  +   0.01
                  WHERE T.AMOUNT  =   - T.AMOUNT_X  AND
                        T.AMOUNT - 0.01 =
                           (SELECT SUM(A.X_AMOUNT)
                            FROM XXX_TABLE _HISTORY A
                            WHERE A.NO  =  T.NO) ;

居然编译通过， 一切正常...

谁能告诉我原因呢？