方式一：基于docker安装
下拉镜像
docker pull mysql:8.0.21
启动镜像
docker run -p 3307:3306 --name mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=hadoop -d mysql:8.0.21
启动成功后，进入容器内部拷贝配置文件，到宿主主机
docker cp mysql:/etc/mysql /home/summer/mysql8
拷贝容器的 /etc/mysql目录到 主机目录/home/summer/mysql8
删除mysql容器，重新创建容器
docker stop mysql docker rm mysql
启动mysql ，挂载配置文件，数据持久化到宿主主机
启动脚本 文件名为mysql8.0.21.sh
#!/bin/sh
docker run \
-p 3307:3306 \
--name mysql \
--privileged=true \
--restart unless-stopped \
-v /home/summer/mysql8/mysql:/etc/mysql \
-v /home/summer/mysql8/logs:/logs \
-v /home/summer/mysql8/data:/var/lib/mysql \
-v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=hadoop \
-d mysql:8.0.21命令解释： -p 端口映射
--privileged=true 挂载文件权限设置
--restart unless-stopped 设置 开机后自动重启容器
-v /home/summer/mysql8/mysql:/etc/mysql 挂载配置文件
-v /home/summer/mysql8/logs:/logs \ 挂载日志
-v /home/summer/mysql8/data:/var/lib/mysql \ 挂载数据文件 持久化到主机，
-v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime 容器时间与宿主机同步
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=hadoop 设置密码
-d mysql:8.0.21 后台启动,mysql
执行脚本 启动镜像
大功告成，挂载出来了数据文件以及配置文件实现数据持久化
ALTER USER "root"@"localhost" IDENTIFIED BY "hadoop";
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
create user summer@'%' identified by '123456';
grant all privileges on *.* to summer@'%' with grant option;
exit;
use mysql;
update user set host = '%' where user ='summer';
ALTER USER 'summer'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
ALTER USER 'summer'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
exit;方式二：正常tar包安装
上传安装包并解压
root in summer in /home/soft
❯ ll
total 473712
-r-------- 1 root root 485074552 May 17 09:51 mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
root in summer in /home/soft
➜ du -sh *
463M mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
root in summer in /home/soft
➜ tar -xvf mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz移动重命名
root in summer in /home/soft took 2m
➜ ll
total 473716
drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 4096 May 17 10:43 mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
-r-------- 1 root root 485074552 May 17 09:51 mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
root in summer in /home/soft
➜ mv mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/
root in summer in /home/soft
➜ cd /usr/local/ && mv mysql-8.0.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql
root in summer in /usr/local
➜ ll
total 60
drwxr-xr-x 9 nobody nobody 4096 Apr 25 10:27 ats
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Apr 25 12:14 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 Apr 25 12:12 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Apr 11 2018 games
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 Apr 25 10:51 include
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 Apr 25 10:51 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Apr 11 2018 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Apr 11 2018 libexec
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 25 10:27 man
drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 4096 May 17 10:43 mysql
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Apr 25 10:52 python374 -> /usr/local/python377
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Apr 25 10:52 python377
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Apr 25 10:51 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 7 root root 4096 Apr 25 10:51 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Apr 11 2018 src
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Apr 25 10:51 var
root in summer in /usr/local
➜ 新增mysql用户
root in summer in /usr/local
➜ cd mysql/
root in summer in /usr/local/mysql
➜ ll
total 432
drwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 4096 Dec 10 2019 bin
drwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 4096 Dec 10 2019 docs
drwxr-xr-x 3 7161 31415 4096 Dec 10 2019 include
drwxr-xr-x 6 7161 31415 4096 Dec 10 2019 lib
-rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 405571 Dec 10 2019 LICENSE
drwxr-xr-x 4 7161 31415 4096 Dec 10 2019 man
-rw-r--r-- 1 7161 31415 687 Dec 10 2019 README
drwxr-xr-x 28 7161 31415 4096 Dec 10 2019 share
drwxr-xr-x 2 7161 31415 4096 Dec 10 2019 support-files
root in summer in /usr/local/mysql
➜ mkdir data
root in summer in /usr/local/mysql
➜ groupadd mysql
root in summer in /usr/local/mysql
➜ useradd -g mysql mysql
root in summer in /usr/local/mysql
➜ chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
root in iscloud163-200 in /usr/local/etc
❯ mkdir /var/log/mariadb
root in iscloud163-200 in /usr/local/etc
➜ touch /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
root in iscloud163-200 in /usr/local/etc
➜ chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mariadb/初始化
root in summer in /usr/local/mysql
➜ /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
2021-05-17T02:46:09.950578Z 0 [Warning] [MY-011070] [Server] 'Disabling symbolic links using --skip-symbolic-links (or equivalent) is the default. Consider not using this option as it' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release.
2021-05-17T02:46:09.950757Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.19) initializing of server in progress as process 1868276
2021-05-17T02:46:18.144914Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: bkXul9__qP*8修改配置文件
- 注意
skip-grant-tables该参数为修改root密码
root in summer in ~
➜ cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port=23306
user=mysql
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
#skip-grant-tables
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
#
# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d添加系统服务
root in summer in /usr/local/mysql
❯ cp -a /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
root in summer in /usr/local/mysql
➜ chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
root in summer in /usr/local/mysql
➜ chkconfig --add mysqld配置环境变量
❯ vim /etc/profile
root in summer in /usr/local/mysql took 16s
➜ source /etc/profile
root in summer in /usr/local/mysql
❯ ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin
root in summer in /usr/local/mysql
➜ ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld /usr/bin定义root密码
root in summer in /usr/local/mysql
➜ /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
MySQL server PID file could not be found! [FAILED]
Starting MySQL..... [ OK ]
root in summer in /usr/local/mysql
➜ mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7
Server version: 8.0.19 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> update user set authentication_string='' where user='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> ALTER user 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'hadoop';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.18 sec)
mysql> \q
Bye
root in summer in /usr/local/mysql took 2m37s
➜ vim /etc/my.cnf ##这里注释掉skip-grant-tables
root in summer in /usr/local/mysql took 10s
➜ /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. [ OK ]
Starting MySQL... [ OK ]验证版本并登录
root in summer in local/mysql/data
➜ ps -ef | grep mysql
root 1945961 1 0 11:01 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/summer.pid
mysql 1946194 1945961 0 11:01 ? 00:00:10 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/summer.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=23306
root 2075003 2049242 0 11:39 pts/3 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
root in summer in /usr/local/mysql
❯ mysql -V
mysql Ver 8.0.19 for linux-glibc2.12 on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
root in summer in /usr/local/mysql took 6s
➜ mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.19 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>下载mysql驱动jar包
进入官网 MySQL 点击DOWNLOADS
然后拉到最下面，点击MySQL Community(GPL) Downloads
然后选择Connector/J，这里的J是Java的意思
这里如果是windows用户的话，选择Platform Independent，如果是其他用户就选其他版本
点击Download
最后感谢每一个认真阅读我文章的人，礼尚往来总是要有的，虽然不是什么很值钱的东西，如果你用得到的话可以直接拿走：
这些资料，对于【软件测试】的朋友来说应该是最全面最完整的备战仓库，这个仓库也陪伴上万个测试工程师们走过最艰难的路程，希望也能帮助到你！
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