MongoDB整合Spring的操作

简介

开门见山，记录下这次练习spring与mongodb的整合过程，前段时间学些了mongodb，而现在spring也封装了很多对mongodb的操作

构建项目

我使用的是maven来创建项目
第一步，创建一个Maven项目，配置好pom.xml，我的项目与pom.xml如下

配置文件

Dependencies
使用到的jar包如下，使用pom.xml配置
pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>demo.mongodb</groupId>
  <artifactId>DemoMongodb</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <dependencies> 
    <dependency> 
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> 
        <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> 
        <version>2.5</version> 
        <type>jar</type> 
        <scope>provided</scope> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> 
        <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> 
        <version>1.6.1</version> 
        <type>jar</type> 
        <scope>compile</scope> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> 
        <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> 
        <version>1.7.5</version> 
        <type>jar</type> 
        <scope>runtime</scope> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
        <groupId>org.mongodb</groupId> 
        <artifactId>mongo-java-driver</artifactId> 
        <version>2.10.1</version> 
        <type>jar</type> 
        <scope>compile</scope> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
        <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId> 
        <artifactId>spring-data-mongodb</artifactId> 
        <version>1.2.1.RELEASE</version> 
        <type>jar</type> 
        <scope>compile</scope> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
        <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId> 
        <artifactId>spring-data-mongodb-cross-store</artifactId> 
        <version>1.2.1.RELEASE</version> 
        <type>jar</type> 
        <scope>compile</scope> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
        <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId> 
        <artifactId>spring-data-mongodb-log4j</artifactId> 
        <version>1.2.1.RELEASE</version> 
        <type>jar</type> 
        <scope>compile</scope> 
    </dependency> 
</dependencies> 
</project>

添加spring配置文件

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"   
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
    xmlns:mongo="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo       
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo/spring-mongo-1.0.xsd   
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd"> 

    <context:component-scan base-package="mongodb.demo" /> 

    <mongo:mongo host="127.0.0.1" port="27017" /> 

    <!-- mongo的工厂，通过它来取得mongo实例,dbname为mongodb的数据库名，没有的话会自动创建 --> 
    <mongo:db-factory dbname="student" mongo-ref="mongo" /> 

    <!-- mongodb的主要操作对象，所有对mongodb的增删改查的操作都是通过它完成 --> 
    <bean id="mongoTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate"> 
        <constructor-arg name="mongoDbFactory" ref="mongoDbFactory" /> 
    </bean> 

    <!-- 映射转换器，扫描back-package目录下的文件，根据注释，把它们作为mongodb的一个collection的映射 --> 
    <mongo:mapping-converter base-package="mongodb.demo.model" /> 

    <!-- mongodb bean的仓库目录，会自动扫描扩展了MongoRepository接口的接口进行注入 --> 
    <mongo:repositories base-package="mongodb.demo.impl" /> 

    <context:annotation-config /> 

</beans>

各个类的构建

Model层

首先我们需要一个实体类，这个类对应mongodb中的collection（集合），每个属性对应mongodb的文档，如下，在UserEntity.java中，配置了注解@Document(collection=”user”),表示这个实体对应一个名字叫user的集合，类中的属性有id,name age分别对应文档中的文档名

UserEntity.java

package mongodb.demo.model;

import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapping.Document;

@Document(collection="user")
public class UserEntity {
    @Id
    private String id;
    private String name;
    private String age;
    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(String age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    public String toString() {
        String s="id:"+id+"\n name:"+name+"\n age:"+age;
        System.out.println(s);
        return s;
    }
}

Dao层

接下来建立操作文档的接口类

UserDao.java

package mongodb.demo.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import mongodb.demo.model.UserEntity;
@Transactional
public interface UserDao {
    public void insert(UserEntity userEntity);
    public abstract List<UserEntity> findListByAge(String age);
}

Dao实现层

然后是上面接口的实现类，这里配置了@Repository，我们用来操作文档

UserDaoImpl.java

package mongodb.demo.dao.impl;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Criteria;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Query;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;


import mongodb.demo.dao.UserDao;
import mongodb.demo.model.UserEntity;

@Repository
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao{


    @Autowired 
    private MongoTemplate mongoTemplate; 
    public void insert(UserEntity userEntity) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        this.mongoTemplate.insert(userEntity);
    }
    public List<UserEntity> findListByAge(String age) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Query query = new Query(); 
        query.addCriteria(new Criteria("age").is(age)); 
        return this.mongoTemplate.find(query, UserEntity.class); 
    }
}

最后写个测试类

UserDaoImplTest.java

package mongodb.demo.main;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import mongodb.demo.dao.UserDao;
import mongodb.demo.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl;
import mongodb.demo.model.UserEntity;

public class UserDaoImplTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        System.out.println("Bootstrapping HelloMongo"); 
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null; 
        context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml"); 
        UserDao userDao = context.getBean(UserDaoImpl.class); 
        UserEntity user=new UserEntity();
        user.setId("443");
        user.setName("张三");
        user.setAge("15");
        userDao.insert(user);
        List<UserEntity> userList  =new ArrayList<UserEntity>();
        userList=userDao.findListByAge("15");
        for (UserEntity userEntity : userList) {
            userEntity.toString();
            System.out.println();
        }
    }
}

看到最后输出如下，构建成功

注 : 在我原本的user集合中有数据，所以显示了这么多条要完成以上操作，需要本地Mongodb数据库连接开启，若未开启，请先开启再做测试，开启方式为cmd命令行下，mongod -dbpath=url，url为数据库地址