Android camera 篇之拍照

本文是camera系列文章第一篇,预计三篇 :一 拍照;二 视频;三 自定义相机
相机功能是我们最常用的,属于andorid基础能力。本文讲述一下Android如何调用相机进行拍照。

废话不多说,直接上流程。

流程介绍

请求权限

开启相机

拍照并处理结果

先介绍一下请求码

private int takeCameraCodeOne = 1000; // 获取缩略图
    private int takeCameraCodeTwo = 1001; // 获取全尺寸图
    private int cameraCode = 10002;  // 权限请求码

首先介绍申请权限
 
    需要相机、读、写 三个权限
     
    private String[] permissions = new String[]{"android.permission.CAMERA",
            "android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE",
    "android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"};

申请权限并处理权限

 

 

/**
     * 申请权限
     */
    private void requestPermission() {
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,permissions,cameraCode);
    }

    /**
     * 权限处理
     * @param requestCode
     * @param permissions
     * @param grantResults
     */
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        /**
         * 权限处理
         */
        if (requestCode == cameraCode) {
            for (int i = 0; i < grantResults.length; i++) {
                if (grantResults[i] != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    requestPermission();
                    return;
                }
            }
        //    openCameraOne();
            openCameraTwo();
        }
    }


得到权限后开始唤醒相机,本文介绍两种拍照处理方式

先说第一种:拍照获取缩略图

 

 

/**
     * 唤醒系统相机
     */
    private void openCameraOne() {
        Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
        if (intent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
            startActivityForResult(intent,takeCameraCodeOne);
        }
    }


 /**
     * 获取拍照结果
     * @param requestCode
     * @param resultCode
     * @param data
     */
    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
            if (requestCode == takeCameraCodeOne) {
                if (data != null && data.getExtras() != null) {
                    Bundle bundle = data.getExtras();
                    Bitmap bm = (Bitmap) bundle.get("data");
                    if (bm != null) {
                        camera_img.setImageBitmap(bm);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

这种方式获取的图片,适用于小图标,存在像素低的缺点。


第二种 获取全尺寸照片

/**
     * 唤醒相机
     */
    private void openCameraTwo() {
        Uri fileUri;
        out = new File(getFileName());
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24){
            fileUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(this,getPackageName()+".provider", out);
        }else {
            fileUri = Uri.fromFile(out);
        }
        Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
        intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, fileUri);
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) {
            intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
        }
        if (intent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
            startActivityForResult(intent, takeCameraCodeTwo);
        }
    }

这里兼容了Android 7的行为更变 就是获取设备文件使用provider 的问题

 /**
     * 获取拍照结果
     * @param requestCode
     * @param resultCode
     * @param data
     */
    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
           if (requestCode == takeCameraCodeTwo){
                Bitmap bm = getBitMap(out.getAbsolutePath(), getFileName());
                camera_img.setImageBitmap(bm);
               
            }
        }
    }

这里的全尺寸图的,像素高占内存也大,所以我做了压缩处理;

 /**
     * 获取路径指定位置  这里是DCIM位置 也可指定其他位置
     * @return
     */
    public String getFileName() {
        String fileName = null;
        long currentTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
        String pathName = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/DCIM/";
        File file = new File(pathName);
        file.mkdirs();
        fileName = pathName + currentTimeMillis + ".jpg";
        return fileName;
    }

  /**
     * 获取图片
     * @param path
     * @param fileName
     * @return
     */
    private Bitmap getBitMap(String path, String fileName) {
        BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
        options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
        BitmapFactory.decodeFile(path,options);
        options.inSampleSize = calculateInSampleSize(options,2180,2180);
        options.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
        Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(path, options);
        compressBmpToFile(bitmap,new File(fileName));
        return bitmap;
    }

    /**
     * 计算比例
     * @param options
     * @param reqWidth
     * @param reqHeight
     * @return
     */
    public  int calculateInSampleSize(BitmapFactory.Options options, int reqWidth, int reqHeight) {
        final int height = options.outHeight;
        final int width = options.outWidth;
        int inSampleSize = 1;
        if (height > reqHeight || width > reqWidth) {
            final int heightRatio = Math.round((float) height
                    / (float) reqHeight);
            final int widthRatio = Math.round((float) width / (float) reqWidth);
            inSampleSize = heightRatio < widthRatio ? heightRatio : widthRatio;
        }
        return inSampleSize;
    }

    /**
     * 压缩图片  并保存到指定文件位置
     * @param bmp
     * @param file
     */
    String imgpath ;
    public  void compressBmpToFile(Bitmap bmp,File file){
        if (file != null) {
            imgpath = file.getAbsolutePath();
        }
        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        int options = 80;
        if (bmp == null) {
            return;
        }
        bmp.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, options, baos);
        while (baos.toByteArray().length / 1024 > 500) {
            baos.reset();
            options -= 10;
            bmp.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, options, baos);
        }
        try {
            FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file);
            fos.write(baos.toByteArray());
            fos.flush();
            fos.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

然后最后还有一点说明 将照片保存到手机相册

/**
     * 加入手机相册
     * @param path 图片路径
     */
    public void addGallery(String path){
        Intent mediaScanIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_SCANNER_SCAN_FILE);
        File f = new File(path);
        Uri contentUri = Uri.fromFile(f);
        mediaScanIntent.setData(contentUri);
        this.sendBroadcast(mediaScanIntent);
    }

好,两种拍照方式介绍完毕了。完整代码随后加上

清单文件

 

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

    <uses-feature
        android:name="android.hardware.camera2"
        android:required="true" />
 <provider
            android:name=".util.MyProvider"
            android:authorities="${applicationId}.provider"
            android:exported="false"
            android:grantUriPermissions="true">
            <meta-data
                android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
                android:resource="@xml/path" />
        </provider>

path.xml文件

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<paths>
    <!--"."表示所有路径-->
    <external-path
        name="external_files"
        path="." />
</paths>

Activity

 

/**
 * camera 拍照
 * 流程
 *
 * 请求权限
 * 开启相机
 * 拍照并处理结果
 *
 */

public class OpenCameraActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private int takeCameraCodeOne = 1000; // 获取缩略图
    private int takeCameraCodeTwo = 1001; // 获取全尺寸图
    private int cameraCode = 10002;  // 权限请求码
    /**
     * 所需权限数组 相机 读 写
     */
    private String[] permissions = new String[]{"android.permission.CAMERA",
            "android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE",
            "android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"};
    private ImageView camera_img;
    private File out;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_camera);
        camera_img = findViewById(R.id.camera_img);
        findViewById(R.id.open_camera).setOnClickListener(v -> {
            requestPermission();
        });
    }

    /**
     * 申请权限
     */
    private void requestPermission() {
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,permissions,cameraCode);
    }

    /**
     * 权限处理
     * @param requestCode
     * @param permissions
     * @param grantResults
     */
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        /**
         * 权限处理
         */
        if (requestCode == cameraCode) {
            for (int i = 0; i < grantResults.length; i++) {
                if (grantResults[i] != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    requestPermission();
                    return;
                }
            }
            //    openCameraOne();
            openCameraTwo();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 获取路径指定位置  这里是DCIM位置 也可指定其他位置
     * @return
     */
    public String getFileName() {
        String fileName = null;
        long currentTimeMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
        String pathName = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/DCIM/";
        File file = new File(pathName);
        file.mkdirs();
        fileName = pathName + currentTimeMillis + ".jpg";
        return fileName;
    }

    /**
     * 唤醒相机
     */
    private void openCameraTwo() {
        Uri fileUri;
        out = new File(getFileName());
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24){
            fileUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(this,getPackageName()+".provider", out);
        }else {
            fileUri = Uri.fromFile(out);
        }
        Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
        intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, fileUri);
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) {
            intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
        }
        if (intent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
            startActivityForResult(intent, takeCameraCodeTwo);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 获取拍照结果
     * @param requestCode
     * @param resultCode
     * @param data
     */
    @Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
        if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
            if (requestCode == takeCameraCodeOne) {
                if (data != null && data.getExtras() != null) {
                    Bundle bundle = data.getExtras();
                    Bitmap bm = (Bitmap) bundle.get("data");
                    if (bm != null) {
                        camera_img.setImageBitmap(bm);
                    }
                }
            }else if (requestCode == takeCameraCodeTwo){
                Bitmap bm = getBitMap(out.getAbsolutePath(), getFileName());
                camera_img.setImageBitmap(bm);
                if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(imgpath)) {
                    addGallery(imgpath);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 获取图片
     * @param path
     * @param fileName
     * @return
     */
    private Bitmap getBitMap(String path, String fileName) {
        BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
        options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
        BitmapFactory.decodeFile(path,options);
        options.inSampleSize = calculateInSampleSize(options,2180,2180);
        options.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
        Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(path, options);
        compressBmpToFile(bitmap,new File(fileName));
        return bitmap;
    }

    /**
     * 计算比例
     * @param options
     * @param reqWidth
     * @param reqHeight
     * @return
     */
    public  int calculateInSampleSize(BitmapFactory.Options options, int reqWidth, int reqHeight) {
        final int height = options.outHeight;
        final int width = options.outWidth;
        int inSampleSize = 1;
        if (height > reqHeight || width > reqWidth) {
            final int heightRatio = Math.round((float) height
                    / (float) reqHeight);
            final int widthRatio = Math.round((float) width / (float) reqWidth);
            inSampleSize = heightRatio < widthRatio ? heightRatio : widthRatio;
        }
        return inSampleSize;
    }

    /**
     * 压缩图片  并保存到指定文件位置
     * @param bmp
     * @param file
     */
    String imgpath ;
    public  void compressBmpToFile(Bitmap bmp,File file){
        if (file != null) {
            imgpath = file.getAbsolutePath();
        }
        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        int options = 80;
        if (bmp == null) {
            return;
        }
        bmp.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, options, baos);
        while (baos.toByteArray().length / 1024 > 500) {
            baos.reset();
            options -= 10;
            bmp.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, options, baos);
        }
        try {
            FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file);
            fos.write(baos.toByteArray());
            fos.flush();
            fos.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 加入手机相册
     * @param path 图片路径
     */
    public void addGallery(String path){
        Intent mediaScanIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_SCANNER_SCAN_FILE);
        File f = new File(path);
        Uri contentUri = Uri.fromFile(f);
        mediaScanIntent.setData(contentUri);
        this.sendBroadcast(mediaScanIntent);
    }


    /**
     * 唤醒系统相机
     */
    private void openCameraOne() {
        Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
        if (intent.resolveActivity(getPackageManager()) != null) {
            startActivityForResult(intent,takeCameraCodeOne);
        }
    }


}

完整代码;

 

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