ConnectTimeout and ReadTimeout

网络编程时，经常遇到很多timeout异常，下面是java URLConnection 中经典的2种 timeout参数，这些参数设置不当的话，就会遇到timeout 异常。

1. ConnectTimeout , java 是这样解释的。 意思是用来建立连接的时间。如果到了指定的时间，还没建立连接，则报异常。

Sets a specified timeout value, in milliseconds, to be used when opening a communications link to the resource referenced by this URLConnection. If the timeout expires before the connection can be established, a java.net.SocketTimeoutException is raised. A timeout of zero is interpreted as an infinite timeout. 

Some non-standard implmentation of this method may ignore the specified timeout. To see the connect timeout set, please call getConnectTimeout().

经典异常如下所示：

java.net.SocketTimeoutException: connect timed out
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:27)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:513)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection$6.run(HttpURLConnection.java:1491)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getChainedException(HttpURLConnection.java:1485)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream(HttpURLConnection.java:1139)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsURLConnectionImpl.getInputStream(HttpsURLConnectionImpl.java:234)
    at 。。。。。。(Unknown Source)
Caused by: java.net.SocketTimeoutException: connect timed out
    at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(Native Method)
    at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.doConnect(PlainSocketImpl.java:351)
    at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(PlainSocketImpl.java:213)
    at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.connect(PlainSocketImpl.java:200)
    at java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(SocksSocketImpl.java:366)
    at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:529)
    at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.connect(SSLSocketImpl.java:564)
    at sun.net.NetworkClient.doConnect(NetworkClient.java:158)
    at sun.net.www.http.HttpClient.openServer(HttpClient.java:395)
    at sun.net.www.http.HttpClient.openServer(HttpClient.java:530)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsClient.<init>(HttpsClient.java:272)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsClient.New(HttpsClient.java:329)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.https.AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.getNewHttpClient(AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.java:172)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.plainConnect(HttpURLConnection.java:911)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.https.AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.connect(AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.java:158)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream(HttpURLConnection.java:1172)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getHeaderField(HttpURLConnection.java:2300)
    at java.net.URLConnection.getHeaderFieldInt(URLConnection.java:579)
    at java.net.URLConnection.getContentLength(URLConnection.java:474)
    at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsURLConnectionImpl.getContentLength(HttpsURLConnectionImpl.java:378)
    at 。。。。。。(Unknown Source)

通过 URLConnection setConnectTimeout 可以设置指定的值。0则指极大值。

        conn = url.openConnection();
                    
        conn.setConnectTimeout(5000);

2. ReadTimeout , java 是这样解释的。 意思是已经建立连接，并开始读取服务端资源。如果到了指定的时间，没有可能的数据被客户端读取，则报异常。

Sets the read timeout to a specified timeout, in milliseconds. A non-zero value specifies the timeout when reading from Input stream when a connection is established to a resource. If the timeout expires before there is data available for read, a java.net.SocketTimeoutException is raised. A timeout of zero is interpreted as an infinite timeout. 

Some non-standard implementation of this method ignores the specified timeout. To see the read timeout set, please call getReadTimeout().

类似报错信息如下：

java.net.SocketTimeoutException: Read timed out
	at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:39)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:27)
	at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:513)
	at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection$6.run(HttpURLConnection.java:1491)
	at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
	at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getChainedException(HttpURLConnection.java:1485)
	at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream(HttpURLConnection.java:1139)
	at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsURLConnectionImpl.getInputStream(HttpsURLConnectionImpl.java:234)
	at 。。。。。。(Unknown Source)
Caused by: java.net.SocketTimeoutException: Read timed out
	at java.net.SocketInputStream.socketRead0(Native Method)
	at java.net.SocketInputStream.read(SocketInputStream.java:129)
	at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.InputRecord.readFully(InputRecord.java:293)
	at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.InputRecord.read(InputRecord.java:331)
	at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.readRecord(SSLSocketImpl.java:830)
	at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.performInitialHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1170)
	at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1197)
	at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1181)
	at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsClient.afterConnect(HttpsClient.java:434)
	at sun.net.www.protocol.https.AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.connect(AbstractDelegateHttpsURLConnection.java:166)
	at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream(HttpURLConnection.java:1172)
	at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getHeaderField(HttpURLConnection.java:2300)
	at java.net.URLConnection.getHeaderFieldInt(URLConnection.java:579)
	at java.net.URLConnection.getContentLength(URLConnection.java:474)
	at sun.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsURLConnectionImpl.getContentLength(HttpsURLConnectionImpl.java:378)
	at 。。。。。。(Unknown Source)

通过 URLConnection setReadTimeout 可以设置指定的值。0则指极大值。

        conn = url.openConnection();

        conn.setReadTimeout(20000);

类似的设置在很多软件都基本相同的，比如 wget.

 -T,  --timeout=SECONDS         set all timeout values to SECONDS.
      --dns-timeout=SECS        set the DNS lookup timeout to SECS.
      --connect-timeout=SECS    set the connect timeout to SECS.
      --read-timeout=SECS       set the read timeout to SECS.