TCP通信实现

TCP通信流程：

 

服务器端：

//TCP通信的服务器端
#include<stdio.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int main(){
    //1.创建socket() (用于监听的套接字）
    int lfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);//以文件描述符的方式进行返回
    if(lfd == -1){
        perror("socket");
        exit(-1);
    }
    //2.绑定
    struct sockaddr_in saddr;
    saddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    inet_pton(AF_INET,"127.0.0.1",&saddr.sin_addr.s_addr);//IP地址转换，指定服务器端的IP地址
    saddr.sin_port = htons(9999);//端口
    int ret = bind(lfd,(struct sockaddr *)&saddr,sizeof(saddr));
    if(ret == -1){
        perror("bind");
        exit(-1);
    }
    //3.监听
    ret = listen(lfd,8);
    if(ret == -1){
        perror("listen");
        exit(-1);
    }
    //接受客户端连接
    struct sockaddr_in client_addr;
    socklen_t len = sizeof(client_addr);
    int cfd = accept(lfd,(struct sockaddr *)&client_addr,&len);
    if(cfd == -1){
        perror("client");
        exit(-1);
    }
    //输出客户端信息
    char clientIP[16];
    inet_ntop(AF_INET,&client_addr.sin_addr.s_addr,clientIP,sizeof(clientIP));
    unsigned short clientPort = ntohs(client_addr.sin_port);
    printf("client ip is : %s,port is %d\n",clientIP,clientPort);


    char recvBuf[1024] = {0};
    while (1)
    {
        //开始通信
        //获取客户端的数据
      
        int num = read(cfd,recvBuf,sizeof(recvBuf));
        if (num == -1)
        {
            perror("read");
            exit(-1);
            /* code */
        }else if(num > 0){
            printf("recv client data : %s\n",recvBuf);
        }else if(num == 0){
            //表示客户端断开连接
            printf("client closed...");
            break;
        }

        //给客户端发送数据
        char * data = "hello i am server";
        write(cfd,data,strlen(data));

            /* code */
    }
    
    //关闭文件描述符
     close(cfd);
     close(lfd);

    return 0;
}

客户端

// TCP通信的客户端
#include <stdio.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int main()
{
    // 创建套接字
    int fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if (fd == -1)
    {
        perror("socket");
        exit(-1);
    }
    // 连接服务器
    struct sockaddr_in server_addr;
    server_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", &server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr);
    server_addr.sin_port = htons(9999);
    int ret = connect(fd, (struct sockaddr *)&server_addr, sizeof(server_addr));
    if (ret == -1)
    {
        perror("connect");
        exit(-1);
    }
    char recvBuf[1024] = {0};
    while(1)
    {
            // 通信
        // 给客户发送数据
        char *data = "hello i am client";
        write(fd, data, strlen(data));
        sleep(1);

        
        int len = read(fd, recvBuf, sizeof(recvBuf));
        if (len == -1)
        {
            perror("read");
            exit(-1);
            /* code */
        }
        else if (len > 0)
        {
            printf("recv server data : %s\n", recvBuf);
        }
        else if (len == 0)
        {
            // 表示服务端断开连接
            printf("server closed...");
            break;
        }
    }
    // 关闭连接
    close(fd);

    return 0;
}