JdbcTemplate造成数据库连接数过多

 <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <!-- 配置连接池属性 -->
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
        <!--连接池中保留的最小连接数。-->
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="10" />
        <!--连接池中保留的最大连接数。Default: 15 -->
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="100" />
        <!--最大空闲时间,60秒内未使用则连接被丢弃。若为0则永不丢弃。Default: 0 -->
        <property name="maxIdleTime" value="60" />
        <!--当连接池中的连接耗尽的时候c3p0一次同时获取的连接数。Default: 3 -->
        <property name="acquireIncrement" value="3" />
<!--      JDBC的标准参数，用以控制数据源内加载的PreparedStatements数量。但由于预缓存的statements属于单个 connection而不是整个连接池。所以设置这个参数需要考虑到多方面的因素。如果maxStatements与-->
<!--maxStatementsPerConnection均为0，则缓存被关闭。Default: 0 -->
        <property name="maxStatements" value="100" />
<!--     初始化时获取三个连接，取值应在minPoolSize与maxPoolSize之间。Default: 3-->
        <property name="initialPoolSize" value="10" />
<!--     每180秒检查所有连接池中的空闲连接。Default: 0-->
        <property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod" value="180" />
<!--       定义在从数据库获取新连接失败后重复尝试的次数,Oracle数据库校验登录失败次数（FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS）为10次，并且是一个不断叠加的过程，
在保证密码正确之前，无论中间间隔多长时间，登陆失败连续超过十次，用户会被锁定（acquireRetryAttempts * acquireIncrement ）+ initialPoolSize。Default: 30-->
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2" />
<!--  获取连接失败将会引起所有等待连接池来获取连接的线程抛出异常。但是数据源仍有效 保留，并在下次调用getConnection()的时候继续尝试获取连接。-->
<!--        如果设为true，那么在尝试获取连接失败后该数据源将申明已断开并永久关闭。Default: false-->
        <property name="breakAfterAcquireFailure" value="false" />
<!--  如果设为true那么在取得连接的同时将校验连接的有效性。Default: false-->
        <property name="testConnectionOnCheckout" value="false" />
    </bean>

mysql> show processlist;
+-----+-----------------+-----------------+--------+---------+-------+------------------------+------------------+
| Id  | User            | Host            | db     | Command | Time  | State                  | Info             |
+-----+-----------------+-----------------+--------+---------+-------+------------------------+------------------+
|   4 | event_scheduler | localhost       | NULL   | Daemon  | 71120 | Waiting on empty queue | NULL             |
| 370 |       | localhost:9098  | ztdate | Sleep   | 10092 |                        | NULL             |
| 371 | ztdate          | localhost:9108  | ztdate | Sleep   | 66989 |                        | NULL             |
| 590 | root            | localhost:31942 | NULL   | Query   |     0 | starting               | show processlist |
| 753 | root            | localhost:38787 | mysql  | Sleep   |  2862 |                        | NULL             |
| 754 | root            | localhost:38790 | sys    | Sleep   |  2862 |                        | NULL             |
+-----+-----------------+-----------------+--------+---------+-------+------------------------+------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show processlist;
+------+-----------------+-----------------+--------+---------+-------+------------------------+------------------+
| Id   | User            | Host            | db     | Command | Time  | State                  | Info             |
+------+-----------------+-----------------+--------+---------+-------+------------------------+------------------+
|    4 | event_scheduler | localhost       | NULL   | Daemon  | 71156 | Waiting on empty queue | NULL             |
|  370 | ztdate          | localhost:9098  | ztdate | Sleep   | 10128 |                        | NULL             |
|  371 | ztdate          | localhost:9108  | ztdate | Sleep   | 67025 |                        | NULL             |
|  590 | root            | localhost:31942 | NULL   | Query   |     0 | starting               | show processlist |
|  753 | root            | localhost:38787 | mysql  | Sleep   |  2898 |                        | NULL             |
|  754 | root            | localhost:38790 | sys    | Sleep   |  2898 |                        | NULL             |
| 8430 | ztdate          | localhost:54232 | ztdate | Sleep   |     2 |                        | NULL             |
| 8431 | ztdate          | localhost:54233 | ztdate | Sleep   |     3 |                        | NULL             |
| 8432 | ztdate          | localhost:54234 | ztdate | Sleep   |     3 |                        | NULL             |
| 8433 | ztdate          | localhost:54235 | ztdate | Sleep   |     3 |                        | NULL             |
| 8434 | ztdate          | localhost:54236 | ztdate | Sleep   |     2 |                        | NULL             |
| 8435 | ztdate          | localhost:54237 | ztdate | Sleep   |     2 |                        | NULL             |
| 8436 | ztdate          | localhost:54239 | ztdate | Sleep   |     2 |                        | NULL             |
| 8437 | ztdate          | localhost:54238 | ztdate | Sleep   |     2 |                        | NULL             |
| 8438 | ztdate          | localhost:54240 | ztdate | Sleep   |     2 |                        | NULL             |
| 8439 | ztdate          | localhost:54241 | ztdate | Sleep   |     2 |                        | NULL             |
+------+-----------------+-----------------+--------+---------+-------+------------------------+------------------+
16 rows in set (0.00 sec)

每查询一次数据库连接数增加10个。

解决方法：

public class ApplicationBean {
    static private ApplicationContext ac = null;
    static {
        ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
    }

    private ApplicationBean() {
    }

    public static ApplicationContext getAc() {
        return ac;
    }
}


        ApplicationContext act = ApplicationBean.getAc();
        JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = (JdbcTemplate) act.getBean("jdbcTemplate");