Android App开发学习第十四天：菜单Menu

OptionMenu
重写
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu)：调用OptionMenu，在这里完成菜单初始化
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item)：菜单项被选中时触发，这里完成事件处理

实现点击菜单项切换字体颜色

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textview"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Hello World!"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

package com.example;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.graphics.Color;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private TextView textview;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        textview = findViewById(R.id.textview);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        menu.add(1,110,1,"红色");
        menu.add(1,111,2,"绿色");
        menu.add(1,112,3,"蓝色");
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item) {
        int id = item.getItemId();
        switch (id){
            case 110:
                textview.setTextColor(Color.RED);
                break;
            case 111:
                textview.setTextColor(Color.GREEN);
                break;
            case 112:
                textview.setTextColor(Color.BLUE);
                break;
        }
        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }
}

ContextMenu(上下文菜单)

长按某个View后出现的菜单
使用方法：
1.重写onCreateContextMenu()方法
2.为view组件注册上下文菜单，使用registerForContextMenu()方法，参数是View
3.重写onContextItemSelected()方法为菜单项指定事件监听器

使用contextmenu实现切换字体颜色

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textview"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Hello World!"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

在res创建menu包，创建menu_context.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <group android:checkableBehavior="none">
        <item android:id="@+id/blue" android:title="蓝色"/>
        <item android:id="@+id/red" android:title="红色"/>
        <item android:id="@+id/green" android:title="绿色"/>
    </group>
</menu>

package com.example;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.graphics.Color;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.ContextMenu;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuInflater;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private TextView textview;


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        textview = findViewById(R.id.textview);
        registerForContextMenu(textview);
    }


    @Override
    public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v, ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) {
        MenuInflater inflater = new MenuInflater(this);
        inflater.inflate(R.menu.munu_contexr,menu);
        super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onContextItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item) {
                switch (item.getItemId()){
            case R.id.red:
                textview.setTextColor(Color.RED);
                break;
            case R.id.green:
                textview.setTextColor(Color.GREEN);
                break;
            case R.id.blue:
                textview.setTextColor(Color.BLUE);
                break;
        }
        return super.onContextItemSelected(item);
    }
}

SubMenu（子菜单）

在<item>中嵌套一层<menu>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <item android:id="@+id/submenu" android:title="子菜单使用演示">
        <menu>
            <group android:checkableBehavior="none">
                <item android:id="@+id/one" android:title="子菜单一"/>
                <item android:id="@+id/two" android:title="子菜单二"/>
                <item android:id="@+id/three" android:title="子菜单三"/>
            </group>
        </menu>
    </item>

</menu>

package com.example;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.ContextMenu;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuInflater;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private TextView textview;


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        textview = findViewById(R.id.textview);
        registerForContextMenu(textview);
    }


    @Override
    public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v, ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) {
        MenuInflater inflater = new MenuInflater(this);
        inflater.inflate(R.menu.munu_contexr,menu);
        super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onContextItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item) {
                switch (item.getItemId()){
            case R.id.one:
                Toast.makeText(this,"你点击了子菜单一",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                textview.setTextColor(Color.RED);
                break;
            case R.id.two:
                Toast.makeText(this,"你点击了子菜单二",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                textview.setTextColor(Color.GREEN);
                break;
            case R.id.three:
                Toast.makeText(this,"你点击了子菜单三",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                textview.setTextColor(Color.BLUE);
                break;
        }
        return super.onContextItemSelected(item);
    }
}

PopupMenu(弹出式菜单)

一个类似于PopuoWindow的菜单，可以实现点击某一View弹出菜单

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <item android:id="@+id/lpig" android:title="小猪"/>
    <item android:id="@+id/bpig" android:title="大猪"/>

</menu>

package com.example;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.ContextMenu;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuInflater;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.PopupMenu;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private Button btn;


    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        btn = findViewById(R.id.btn);
        btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                PopupMenu popup = new PopupMenu(MainActivity.this, btn);
                popup.getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.munu_contexr,popup.getMenu());
                popup.setOnMenuItemClickListener(new PopupMenu.OnMenuItemClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public boolean onMenuItemClick(MenuItem item) {
                        switch (item.getItemId()){
                            case R.id.lpig:
                                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"你点击了小猪",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                                break;
                            case R.id.bpig:
                                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"你点击了大猪",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                                break;
                        }
                        return true;
                    }
                });
                popup.show();
            }
        });
    }


}