SpringBoot(9)MVC的原理和扩展

MVC的原理

官方文档：If you want to keep those Spring Boot MVC customizations and make more MVC customizations (interceptors, formatters, view controllers, and other features), you can add your own @Configuration class of type WebMvcConfigurer but without @EnableWebMvc.大概意思：扩展mvc只需要添加 @Configuration实现WebMvcConfigurer接口即可
1.接下来我们自定义视图解析器，去看springBoot怎么做的
官方文档要我们查看ContentNegotiatingViewResolver类
(1)发现这个类实现了ViewResolver接口（实现了这个接口就可以看作视图解析器），接口中有View resolveViewName(String var1, Locale var2) throws Exception;方法，看看ContentNegotiatingViewResolver类怎么实现这个方法的。

public class ContentNegotiatingViewResolver extends WebApplicationObjectSupport implements ViewResolver, Ordered, InitializingBean {
...
    }

（2）找到resolveViewName方法，重点的两行代码表示获取候选视图，找到最好的视图

 @Nullable
    public View resolveViewName(String viewName, Locale locale) throws Exception {
        RequestAttributes attrs = RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
        Assert.state(attrs instanceof ServletRequestAttributes, "No current ServletRequestAttributes");
        List<MediaType> requestedMediaTypes = this.getMediaTypes(((ServletRequestAttributes)attrs).getRequest());
        if (requestedMediaTypes != null) {
        //重点
            List<View> candidateViews = this.getCandidateViews(viewName, locale, requestedMediaTypes);
            View bestView = this.getBestView(candidateViews, requestedMediaTypes, attrs);
        //重点
            if (bestView != null) {
                return bestView;
            }
        }

        String mediaTypeInfo = this.logger.isDebugEnabled() && requestedMediaTypes != null ? " given " + requestedMediaTypes.toString() : "";
        if (this.useNotAcceptableStatusCode) {
            if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                this.logger.debug("Using 406 NOT_ACCEPTABLE" + mediaTypeInfo);
            }

            return NOT_ACCEPTABLE_VIEW;
        } else {
            this.logger.debug("View remains unresolved" + mediaTypeInfo);
            return null;
        }
    }

（3）点开getCandidateViews方法（获取候选视图）

private List<View> getCandidateViews(String viewName, Locale locale, List<MediaType> requestedMediaTypes) throws Exception {
        List<View> candidateViews = new ArrayList();
        if (this.viewResolvers != null) {
            Assert.state(this.contentNegotiationManager != null, "No ContentNegotiationManager set");
            Iterator var5 = this.viewResolvers.iterator();
			//遍历视图
            while(var5.hasNext()) {
                ViewResolver viewResolver = (ViewResolver)var5.next();
                View view = viewResolver.resolveViewName(viewName, locale);
                if (view != null) {
                //满足条件将试图添加candidateViews容器中
                    candidateViews.add(view);
                }

                Iterator var8 = requestedMediaTypes.iterator();

                while(var8.hasNext()) {
                    MediaType requestedMediaType = (MediaType)var8.next();
                    List<String> extensions = this.contentNegotiationManager.resolveFileExtensions(requestedMediaType);
                    Iterator var11 = extensions.iterator();

                    while(var11.hasNext()) {
                        String extension = (String)var11.next();
                        String viewNameWithExtension = viewName + '.' + extension;
                        view = viewResolver.resolveViewName(viewNameWithExtension, locale);
                        if (view != null) {
                            candidateViews.add(view);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(this.defaultViews)) {
            candidateViews.addAll(this.defaultViews);
        }
		//返回满足条件视图
        return candidateViews;
    }

结论：我们明白了springboot使用视图解析器的方式，将满足条件的视图添加到一个IOC容器中，然后从容器中获取（spring使用容器中的东西@bean即可）
2.此刻我们应该知道如何自定义视图解析器了
1.实现视图解析器接口
2.将自定义的视图解析器注入到ioc容器之中

MVC的扩展（官方建议）

我们扩展视图跳转功能
步骤：添加 @Configuration实现WebMvcConfigurer接口

@Configuration
public class MyMVCConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
    //视图跳转
    @Override
    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {

        registry.addViewController("/aa").setViewName("index");
    }
}