使用Lock锁实现线程交替执行

java中，通常用synchronized关键字对需要保证线程安全的代码块加锁，但是synchronized关键字在使用上并不灵活，而Lock锁刚好就可以解决这个问题。

面试中有可能会被要求写一个要求两个线程交替运行的程序，这里给出一个实现样例。

1、公共服务类

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

public class ThreadService {
    private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock(false);
    private Condition condition = lock.newCondition();
    private volatile boolean flag = false;

    public void executeTaskA() {
        try{
            lock.lock();
            while (flag) {
                condition.await();
            }
            flag = true;
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " : Task_A");
            condition.signal();
        }catch (InterruptedException exception) {
            exception.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }

    public void executeTaskB() {
        try{
            lock.lock();
            while (!flag) {
                condition.await();
            }
            flag = false;
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " : Task_B");
            condition.signal();
        }catch (InterruptedException exception) {
            exception.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
}

2、定义两个不同任务的线程

public class ThreadA extends Thread {
    private ThreadService threadService;

    public ThreadA(ThreadService threadService){
        super();
        this.threadService = threadService;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for(int i=0;i<100;i++){
            threadService.executeTaskA();
        }
    }
}

public class ThreadB extends Thread {
    private ThreadService threadService;

    public ThreadB(ThreadService threadService){
        super();
        this.threadService = threadService;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for(int i=0;i<100;i++){
            threadService.executeTaskB();
        }
    }
}

3、测试

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ThreadService threadService = new ThreadService();
        Thread threadA = new ThreadA(threadService);
        Thread threadB = new ThreadB(threadService);
        threadA.setName("Thread A");
        threadB.setName("Thread B");
        threadA.start();
        threadB.start();
    }
}

控制台输出：