Python web模版Django-18 模型之增删改查操作

增删改查，基本操作： 

# 增
    #
    # models.Tb1.objects.create(c1='xx', c2='oo')  增加一条数据，可以接受字典类型数据 **kwargs

    # obj = models.Tb1(c1='xx', c2='oo')
    # obj.save()

    # 查
    #
    # models.Tb1.objects.get(id=123)         # 获取单条数据，不存在则报错（不建议）
    # models.Tb1.objects.all()               # 获取全部
    # models.Tb1.objects.filter(name='seven') # 获取指定条件的数据

    # 删
    #
    # models.Tb1.objects.filter(name='seven').delete() # 删除指定条件的数据

    # 改
    # models.Tb1.objects.filter(name='seven').update(gender='0')  # 将指定条件的数据更新，均支持 **kwargs
    # obj = models.Tb1.objects.get(id=1)
    # obj.c1 = '111'
    # obj.save()                                                 # 修改单条数据

进阶操作：

# 获取个数
        #
        # models.Tb1.objects.filter(name='seven').count()

        # 大于，小于
        #
        # models.Tb1.objects.filter(id__gt=1)              # 获取id大于1的值
        # models.Tb1.objects.filter(id__gte=1)              # 获取id大于等于1的值
        # models.Tb1.objects.filter(id__lt=10)             # 获取id小于10的值
        # models.Tb1.objects.filter(id__lte=10)             # 获取id小于10的值
        # models.Tb1.objects.filter(id__lt=10, id__gt=1)   # 获取id大于1 且 小于10的值

        # in
        #
        # models.Tb1.objects.filter(id__in=[11, 22, 33])   # 获取id等于11、22、33的数据
        # models.Tb1.objects.exclude(id__in=[11, 22, 33])  # not in

        # isnull
        # Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__isnull=True)

        # contains
        #
        # models.Tb1.objects.filter(name__contains="ven")
        # models.Tb1.objects.filter(name__icontains="ven") # icontains大小写不敏感
        # models.Tb1.objects.exclude(name__icontains="ven")

        # range
        #
        # models.Tb1.objects.filter(id__range=[1, 2])   # 范围bettwen and

        # 其他类似
        #
        # startswith，istartswith, endswith, iendswith,

        # order by
        #
        # models.Tb1.objects.filter(name='seven').order_by('id')    # asc
        # models.Tb1.objects.filter(name='seven').order_by('-id')   # desc

        # group by
        #
        # from django.db.models import Count, Min, Max, Sum
        # models.Tb1.objects.filter(c1=1).values('id').annotate(c=Count('num'))
        # SELECT "app01_tb1"."id", COUNT("app01_tb1"."num") AS "c" FROM "app01_tb1" WHERE "app01_tb1"."c1" = 1 GROUP BY "app01_tb1"."id"

        # limit 、offset
        #
        # models.Tb1.objects.all()[10:20]

        # regex正则匹配，iregex 不区分大小写
        #
        # Entry.objects.get(title__regex=r'^(An?|The) +')
        # Entry.objects.get(title__iregex=r'^(an?|the) +')

        # date
        #
        # Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__date=datetime.date(2005, 1, 1))
        # Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__date__gt=datetime.date(2005, 1, 1))

        # year
        #
        # Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__year=2005)
        # Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__year__gte=2005)

        # month
        #
        # Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__month=12)
        # Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__month__gte=6)

        # day
        #
        # Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__day=3)
        # Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__day__gte=3)

        # week_day
        #
        # Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__week_day=2)
        # Entry.objects.filter(pub_date__week_day__gte=2)

        # hour
        #
        # Event.objects.filter(timestamp__hour=23)
        # Event.objects.filter(time__hour=5)
        # Event.objects.filter(timestamp__hour__gte=12)

        # minute
        #
        # Event.objects.filter(timestamp__minute=29)
        # Event.objects.filter(time__minute=46)
        # Event.objects.filter(timestamp__minute__gte=29)

        # second
        #
        # Event.objects.filter(timestamp__second=31)
        # Event.objects.filter(time__second=2)
        # Event.objects.filter(timestamp__second__gte=31)

实例：

继续操作前面的例子。。。 创建一个用来实验数据增删改查的简单页面，这也是我目前能力所能折腾出来的例子。

step1： 在urls.py中添加两个url，他们对应views.py下新建的两个函数

    url(r'^table_edit/', views.table_edit),
    url(r'^implement_table_edit/', views.implement_table_edit)

step2：在views.py下新建两个函数

table_edit用来登录编辑页面；

 implement_table_edit实现编辑操作，用户可以输入 add 或 search 或change 或del去处理数据，具体的处理数据，为了简单起见，写死到程序中了， 只是为了实验增删改查的数据操作。

def table_edit(request):
    return render(request, "table_edit.html")


def implement_table_edit(request):
    # 获取要处理的数据
    edit_way = request.POST.get('edit_way')
    # 处理数据
    implement_message = ''
    # 插入数据
    if edit_way == "add" and list(Event.objects.filter(name='红米Pro发布会')) == []:
        print("add")
        e1 = Event(id=3, name='红米Pro发布会', limit=2000, status=True, address='北京水立方',
                   start_time=datetime(2017, 8, 10, 14, 0, 0))
        e1.save()
        implement_message = '添加《红米Pro发布会》数据'
    # 查询数据
    elif edit_way == "search":
        e1 = Event.objects.filter(name__contains='发布会')
        implement_message = "查出的发布会有： "
        for item in e1:
            print(item.name)
            implement_message += item.name
    # 编辑数据
    elif edit_way == "change" and list(Event.objects.filter(name='红米Pro发布会')) != []:
        e1 = Event.objects.get(name='红米Pro发布会')
        e1.limit = 3000
        e1.save()
        implement_message = "更新红米Pro发布会限定人数到3000"
    # 删除数据
    elif edit_way == "del" and list(Event.objects.filter(name='红米Pro发布会')) != [] :
        e1 = Event.objects.get(name='红米Pro发布会')
        e1.delete()
        implement_message = '删除《红米Pro发布会》数据'
    # 什么都不操作
    else:
        implement_message = "输入不对或红米Pro发布会数据不存在，因此未执行数据编辑"

    return render(request, "table_edit.html", {'implement_message': implement_message})

step3: 在templates文件夹下新建 table_edit.html, action关联到 implement_table_edit()函数，并输出implement_message

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Table增删改查</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>尝试数据记录增删改查</h1>
    <form method="post" action="/implement_table_edit/">  
        <input type="text" placeholder="input add/search/change/del" name="edit_way" ><br>
        <button type="submit" name="submit_edit_way_btn">处理数据</button><br>
        {{implement_message}}<br>
        {% csrf_token %}
     </form>
</body>
</html>