SCP使用详解

上传文件到设备/var/user/目录：scp -v  -P 222 ./8821cs.ko pyuser@10.5.30.158:/var/user/
下载文件/var/user/bbb到当前目录：scp -v  -P 222 pyuser@10.5.30.158:/var/user/bbb ./

-v：打开DEBUG日志

设计到的协议由SSH和SFTP。

设备在登录远程时先进行SSH登录，日志如下：

Executing: program /usr/bin/ssh host 10.5.30.158, user pyuser, command scp -v -t /var/user/
OpenSSH_7.2p2 Ubuntu-4ubuntu2.10, OpenSSL 1.0.2g  1 Mar 2016
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: Applying options for *
debug1: Connecting to 10.5.30.158 [10.5.30.158] port 222.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: permanently_set_uid: 0/0
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_rsa type 1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_dsa type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_ed25519 type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_ed25519-cert type -1
debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_7.2p2 Ubuntu-4ubuntu2.10
debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_9.1
debug1: match: OpenSSH_9.1 pat OpenSSH* compat 0x04000000
debug1: Authenticating to 10.5.30.158:222 as 'pyuser'
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug1: kex: algorithm: curve25519-sha256@libssh.org
debug1: kex: host key algorithm: rsa-sha2-512
debug1: kex: server->client cipher: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug1: kex: client->server cipher: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY
debug1: Server host key: ssh-rsa SHA256:kIHTkPYHC99Y/Y9lJZvO6ueJHNbXE27Gi+K4rfD9R0g
debug1: Host '[10.5.30.158]:222' is known and matches the RSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /root/.ssh/known_hosts:5
debug1: rekey after 134217728 blocks
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug1: rekey after 134217728 blocks
debug1: SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO received
debug1: kex_input_ext_info: server-sig-algs=<ssh-ed25519,sk-ssh-ed25519@openssh.com,ssh-rsa,rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512,ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,sk-ecdsa-sha2-nistp256@openssh.com,webauthn-sk-ecdsa-sha2-nistp256@openssh.com>
debug1: kex_input_ext_info: publickey-hostbound@openssh.com=<0>
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password,keyboard-interactive
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Offering RSA public key: /root/.ssh/id_rsa
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password,keyboard-interactive
debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_dsa
debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_ecdsa
debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_ed25519
debug1: Next authentication method: keyboard-interactive
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password,keyboard-interactive
debug1: Next authentication method: password
pyuser@10.5.30.158's password: 
debug1: Authentication succeeded (password).

进行SSH协议相关认证，然后登录设备后执行scp -v -t /var/user/进行文件传输，所以

Authenticated to 10.5.30.158 ([10.5.30.158]:222).
debug1: channel 0: new [client-session]
debug1: Requesting no-more-sessions@openssh.com
debug1: Entering interactive session.
debug1: pledge: network
debug1: client_input_global_request: rtype hostkeys-00@openssh.com want_reply 0
debug1: Sending environment.
debug1: Sending env LC_PAPER = zh_CN.UTF-8
debug1: Sending env LC_ADDRESS = zh_CN.UTF-8
debug1: Sending env LC_MONETARY = zh_CN.UTF-8
debug1: Sending env LC_NUMERIC = zh_CN.UTF-8
debug1: Sending env LC_TELEPHONE = zh_CN.UTF-8
debug1: Sending env LC_IDENTIFICATION = zh_CN.UTF-8
debug1: Sending env LANG = en_US.UTF-8
debug1: Sending env LC_MEASUREMENT = zh_CN.UTF-8
debug1: Sending env LC_TIME = zh_CN.UTF-8
debug1: Sending env LC_NAME = zh_CN.UTF-8
debug1: Sending command: scp -v -t /var/user/
Sending file modes: C0644 2237708 8821cs.ko
Sink: C0644 2237708 8821cs.ko
8821cs.ko                                     100% 2185KB   2.1MB/s   00:00    
scp: debug1: fd 0 clearing O_NONBLOCK
debug1: client_input_channel_req: channel 0 rtype exit-status reply 0
debug1: channel 0: free: client-session, nchannels 1
debug1: fd 0 clearing O_NONBLOCK
debug1: fd 1 clearing O_NONBLOCK
Transferred: sent 2242060, received 4172 bytes, in 0.7 seconds
Bytes per second: sent 3433067.0, received 6388.2
debug1: Exit status 0 

所以当scp命令出现不明报错时，请在设备上 执行scp -v -t /var/user/，可能是由于SCP来源（比如dropbear和openssh）不一样导致scp命令用法不同导致的