Kubeadm 是一个 K8s 部署工具,提供 kubeadm init 和 kubeadm join,用于快速部 署 Kubernetes 集群。 官方地址:https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/setup-tools/kubeadm/kubeadm/
1安装要求
在开始之前,部署Kubernetes集群机器需要满足以下几个条件:
- 一台或多台机器,操作系统 CentOS7.x-86_x64
- 硬件配置:2GB或更多RAM,2个CPU或更多CPU,硬盘30GB或更多
- 可以访问外网,需要拉取镜像,如果服务器不能上网,需要提前下载镜像并导入节点
- 禁止swap分区
集群基础环境搭建参考:https://blog.csdn.net/cndmss/article/details/80149952
2初始化每台服务器
角色 | IP |
k8smaster | 192.168.71.101 |
k8snode1 | 192.168.71.102 |
k8snode2 | 192.168.71.103 |
三台服务器执行:
# 关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
# 关闭selinux
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config # 永久
setenforce 0 # 临时
# 关闭swap
swapoff -a # 临时
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab # 永久
# 根据规划设置主机名(在每台服务器上各自执行)
hostnamectl set-hostname k8smaster
hostnamectl set-hostname k8snode1
hostnamectl set-hostname k8snode2
#查看主机名称(在每台服务器上各自执行)
hostname
# 在master添加hosts
cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.71.101 k8smaster
192.168.71.102 k8snode1
192.168.71.103 k8snode2
EOF
# 将桥接的IPv4流量传递到iptables的链
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
sysctl --system # 生效
# 时间同步
yum install ntpdate -y
ntpdate time.windows.com
3所有节点安装Docker/kubeadm/kubelet/kubectl
3.1安装Docker
安装docker
$ wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
$ yum -y install docker-ce-18.06.1.ce-3.el7
$ systemctl enable docker && systemctl start docker
$ docker --version
$ docker info
设置docker仓库为阿里镜像仓库
$ cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://b9pmyelo.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
# 重启docker
$ systemctl restart docker
# 查看仓库是否加入成功
$ docker info
添加阿里云YUM软件源
$ cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo << EOF
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF
3.2安装kubeadm、kubelet、kubectl
由于版本更新频繁,这里指定版本号部署:
$ yum install -y kubelet-1.18.0 kubeadm-1.18.0 kubectl-1.18.0
$ systemctl enable kubelet
4部署k8s master、加入node
在192.168.71.101(k8smaster)上执行:
kubeadm init \
--apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.71.101 \
--image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \
--kubernetes-version v1.18.0 \
--service-cidr=10.96.0.0/12 \
--pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
之后控制台下方会输出以下日志,同时在打开一个master终端,查看镜像,镜像已经下载成功。
Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!
To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/
Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:
kubeadm join 192.168.71.101:6443 --token 867lse.xvssun9fxldvdcu5 \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:63c6861ee8a8583773fc06ffad8990458e4eb12b6a211101b28d089aa132b27a
按照输入的日志在master执行:
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
查询节点(只有master)
kubectl get nodes
按照输入的日志在两个node上执行:
kubeadm join 192.168.71.101:6443 --token 867lse.xvssun9fxldvdcu5 \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:63c6861ee8a8583773fc06ffad8990458e4eb12b6a211101b28d089aa132b27a
查询节点(一共三个)
kubectl get nodes
默认token有效期为24小时,当过期之后,该token就不可用了。这时就需要重新创建token,操作如下:
kubeadm token create --print-join-command
5部署CNI网络插件
当执行:
kubectl get nodes
显示三个机器都是not ready
需要部署CNI网络插件,在master上执行:
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
稍等片刻再次执行:kubectl get nodes为Ready状态
执行:kubectl get pods -n kube-system也会显示以下pods:
kube-flannel-ds-6z2h5 1/1 Running 0 3m25s
kube-flannel-ds-rl2v4 1/1 Running 0 3m25s
kube-flannel-ds-sbvww 1/1 Running 0 3m25s
6测试集群
在Kubernetes集群中创建一个nginx pod,验证是否正常运行:
$ kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx
$ kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort
查看pod和service状态:
kubectl get pod,svc
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
pod/nginx-f89759699-nhvc4 1/1 Running 0 3m20s
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
service/kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 90m
service/nginx NodePort 10.106.17.38 <none> 80:30738/TCP 3m13s
访问地址:http://NodeIP:Port ,即:192.168.71.101:30738