Linux-03-Linux系统目录结构

逻辑上，所有的目录都在最高级别目录“/”下，根目录是所有目录的起点。所有的磁盘必须通过挂载目录实现访问。

默认的系统挂载配置在/etc/fstab中

[root@CentOS6 ~]# cat /etc/fstab

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Tue Aug  7 00:56:30 2018
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
UUID=26cbb6ee-f235-4fcc-a191-c8a02b76519b /                       ext4    defaults        1 1
UUID=a8a194ae-ad0f-4163-bd0b-838b02738ebf /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2
UUID=9733b004-d6cb-4909-83eb-8902ffcb7533 swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults        0 0
devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0
sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults        0 0
proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults        0 0
[root@CentOS6 ~]# 

根目录下的结构

[root@CentOS6 /]# tree -L 1 /
/
├── bin
├── boot
├── dev
├── etc
├── home
├── lib
├── lib64
├── lost+found
├── media
├── mnt
├── opt
├── proc
├── root
├── sbin
├── selinux
├── server
├── srv
├── sys
├── tmp
├── usr
└── var

21 directories, 0 files

在/proc目录下，有几个比较重要的文件

查看内存使用情况

[root@CentOS6 /]# cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal:        2049924 kB
MemFree:         1687728 kB
Buffers:           38556 kB
Cached:           196964 kB
SwapCached:            0 kB
Active:           118520 kB
Inactive:         128332 kB
Active(anon):      11344 kB
Inactive(anon):      224 kB
Active(file):     107176 kB
Inactive(file):   128108 kB
Unevictable:           0 kB
Mlocked:               0 kB
SwapTotal:        524284 kB
SwapFree:         524284 kB
Dirty:                 0 kB
Writeback:             0 kB
AnonPages:         11348 kB
Mapped:             6428 kB
Shmem:               240 kB
Slab:              68808 kB
SReclaimable:      45880 kB
SUnreclaim:        22928 kB
KernelStack:        1312 kB
PageTables:         2512 kB
NFS_Unstable:          0 kB
Bounce:                0 kB
WritebackTmp:          0 kB
CommitLimit:     1549244 kB
Committed_AS:      57568 kB
VmallocTotal:   34359738367 kB
VmallocUsed:      171584 kB
VmallocChunk:   34359551096 kB
HardwareCorrupted:     0 kB
AnonHugePages:         0 kB
HugePages_Total:       0
HugePages_Free:        0
HugePages_Rsvd:        0
HugePages_Surp:        0
Hugepagesize:       2048 kB
DirectMap4k:       10240 kB
DirectMap2M:     2086912 kB

也可以

[root@CentOS6 /]# free -m
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:          2001        353       1648          0         37        192
-/+ buffers/cache:        123       1878
Swap:          511          0        511
[root@CentOS6 /]# 

 查看cup

[root@CentOS6 /]# cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor       : 0
vendor_id       : GenuineIntel
cpu family      : 6
model           : 142
model name      : Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-7500U CPU @ 2.70GHz
stepping        : 9
microcode       : 132
cpu MHz         : 2903.994
cache size      : 4096 KB
physical id     : 0
siblings        : 1
core id         : 0
cpu cores       : 1
apicid          : 0
initial apicid  : 0
fpu             : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level     : 22
wp              : yes
flags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc up arch_perfmon pebs bts xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc aperfmperf unfair_spinlock eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 movbe popcnt aes xsave avx hypervisor lahf_lm 3dnowprefetch ida arat epb xsaveopt pln pts dtherm hwp hwp_noitfy hwp_act_window hwp_epp pti retpoline
bogomips        : 5807.98
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

查看系统负载

[root@CentOS6 /]# cat /proc/loadavg
0.00 0.00 0.00 1/83 1908