Rails——migration

Migration

model生成器+新建migration:

正常方式生成model和migration

rails g model Product name:string description:text

上面的命令会创建下面的migration

class CreateProducts < ActiveRecord::Migration[5.0]
  def change
    create_table :products do |t|
      t.string :name
      t.text :description
 
      t.timestamps
    end
  end
end

创建独立的migration

创建数据表CreateXxx

rails g migration CreateProducts name:string part_number:string

上面命令生成

class CreateProducts < ActiveRecord::Migration[5.0]
  def change
    create_table :products do |t|
      t.string :name
      t.string :part_number
    end
  end
end

创建新migration来添加字段AddXxxToYyy

rails g migration AddPartNumberToProducts

上面命令生成

class AddPartNumberToProducts < ActiveRecord::Migration[5.0]
  def change
  end
end

AddXxxToYyy + column:xxx

rails g migration AddPartNumberToProducts part_number:string

上面代码会生成

class AddPartNumberToProducts < ActiveRecord::Migration[5.0]
  def change
    add_column :products, :part_number, :string
  end
end

还可以添加索引

rails gmigration AddPartNumberToProducts part_number:string:index

上面代码生成

class AddPartNumberToProducts < ActiveRecord::Migration[5.0]
  def change
    add_column :products, :part_number, :string
    add_index :products, :part_number
  end
end

新建migration用于删除字段RemoveXxxFromYyy

rails g migration RemovePartNumberFromProducts part_number:string

上面命令会生成

class RemovePartNumberFromProducts < ActiveRecord::Migration[5.0]
  def change
    remove_column :products, :part_number, :string
  end
end

还可以用于删除多个字段

rails g migration AddDetailsToProducts part_number:string price:decimal

上面代码生成在这里插入代码片

class AddDetailsToProducts < ActiveRecord::Migration[5.0]
  def change
    add_column :products, :part_number, :string
    add_column :products, :price, :decimal
  end
end

编辑Migration

创建数据表create_table

create_table :products do |t|
  t.string :name
end

修改数据表change_table

change_table :products do |t|
  t.remove :description, :name
  t.string :part_number
  t.index :part_number
  t.rename :upccode, :upc_code
end

创建联结数据表create_join_table

create_join_table :products, :categories

可以通过：table_name来定义联结数据表的名称

create_join_table :products, :categories, table_name: :categorization

create_join_table也接收块，用于添加索引

create_join_table :products, :categories do |t|
  t.index :product_id
  t.index :category_id
end