代码示例:
# # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-ur
from urllib import request, parse
# with request.urlopen('https://api.douban.com/v2/book/2129650') as f:
# data = f.read()
# print('Status:', f.status, f.reason)
# for k, v in f.getheaders():
# print('%s: %s' % (k, v))
# print('Data:', data.decode('utf-8'))
# req = request.Request('http://www.douban.com/') #使用Request对象添加头信息
# req.add_header('User-Agent', 'Mozilla/6.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 8_0 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/536.26 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/8.0 Mobile/10A5376e Safari/8536.25')
# with request.urlopen(req) as f:
# print('Status:', f.status, f.reason)
# for k, v in f.getheaders():
# print('%s: %s' % (k, v))
# print('Data:', f.read().decode('utf-8'))
print('Login to weibo.cn...')
email = input('Email:')
passwd = input('Password:')
login_data = parse.urlencode([
('username', email),
('password', passwd),
('client_id', ''),
('savestate', '1'),
('ec', ''),
('pagerefer', 'https://passport.weibo.cn/signin/welcome?entry=mweibo&r=http%3A%2F%2Fm.weibo.cn%2F')
])
headers = {
'Orign': 'https://passport.weibo.cn',
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/6.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 8_0 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/536.26 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/8.0 Mobile/10A5376e Safari/8536.25',
'Referer': 'https://passport.weibo.cn/signin/login?entry=mweibo&res=wel&wm=3349&r=http%3A%2F%2Fm.weibo.cn%2F'
}
req = request.Request('https://passport.weibo.cn/sso/login', headers=headers)
# req.add_header('Orign', 'https://passport.weibo.cn')
# req.add_header('User-Agent',
# 'Mozilla/6.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 8_0 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/536.26 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/8.0 Mobile/10A5376e Safari/8536.25')
# req.add_header('Referer',
# 'https://passport.weibo.cn/signin/login?entry=mweibo&res=wel&wm=3349&r=http%3A%2F%2Fm.weibo.cn%2F')
with request.urlopen(req, data=login_data.encode('utf-8')) as f:
print("Status:", f.status, f.reason)
for k, v in f.getheaders():
print('%s:%s' % (k, v))
print('Data:', f.read().decode('utf-8'))
要点概括:
1、引入类库文件
from urllib import request
2、访问链接get
res = request.urlopen(url)
3、返回
内容:data = res.read()
状态:status = res.status
原因:reason = res.reason
3、增加头信息:使用Request对象
req = request.Request(url, headers=headers)
其中,头数组封装如下:
headers = {
'Orign': 'https://passport.weibo.cn',
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/6.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 8_0 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/536.26 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/8.0 Mobile/10A5376e Safari/8536.25',
'Referer': 'https://passport.weibo.cn/signin/login?entry=mweibo&res=wel&wm=3349&r=http%3A%2F%2Fm.weibo.cn%2F'
}
4、模拟post请求
封装post数据
login_data = parse.urlencode([
('username', email),
('password', passwd),
('client_id', ''),
('savestate', '1'),
('ec', ''),
('pagerefer', 'https://passport.weibo.cn/signin/welcome?entry=mweibo&r=http%3A%2F%2Fm.weibo.cn%2F')
])
生成Request对象,添加头信息:
req = request.Request('https://passport.weibo.cn/sso/login', headers=headers)
发送post请求:
request.urlopen(req, data=login_data.encode('utf-8'))
对返回结果处理。