目录
实现文件上传
1.创建项目,导入JAR包
在Eclipse中创建一个名称为chapter12的Web项目,在项目的WEB-INF/ib目录下导入JAR包commons-fileupload-1.3.1.jar和commons-io-2.4.jar,并发布到类路径下。
2.创建上传页面
在chapter12项目的WebContent目录下创建一个名称为form的jsp页面,该页面用于提供文件上传的Form表单,需要注意的是,Form表单的enctype属性值要设置为“multipartlform-data”,method属性值要设置为“post”,并将其action的属性值设置为“UploadServlet”。
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>文件上传</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="UploadServlet" method="post"
enctype="multipart/form-data">
<table width="600px">
<tr>
<td>上传者</td>
<td><input type="text" name="username" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>上传文件</td>
<td><input type="file" name="myfile" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><input type="submit" value="上传" /></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
3.创建Servlet
在项目的 src目录下创建一个名称为pidan.fileupload 的包,在该包中编写一个名称为UploadServlet的类,该类主要用于获取表单及其上传文件的信息
package pidan.fileupload;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
@WebServlet("/UploadServlet")
public class UploadServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
try {
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
File f = new File("E:\\TempFolder");
if (!f.exists()) {
f.mkdirs();
}
factory.setRepository(f);
ServletFileUpload fileUpload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
fileUpload.setHeaderEncoding("utf-8");
List<FileItem> fileitems = fileUpload.parseRequest(request);
PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
for(FileItem fileitem : fileitems) {
if (fileitem.isFormField()) {
String name = fileitem.getFieldName();
if(name.equals("name")) {
if(!fileitem.getString().equals("")) {
String value = fileitem.getString("utf-8");
writer.print("上传者:"+ value + "<br />");
}
}
}else {
String filename = fileitem.getName();
if(filename != null && !filename.equals("")) {
writer.print("上传的文件名称是:" + filename + "<br />");
filename = filename.substring(filename.lastIndexOf("\\") + 1);
filename = UUID.randomUUID().toString() + "_" + filename;
String webPath = "/upload/";
String filepath = getServletContext().getRealPath(webPath + filename);
File file = new File(filepath);
file.getParentFile().mkdirs();
file.createNewFile();
InputStream in = fileitem.getInputStream();
FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(file);
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len;
while((len = in.read(buffer)) > 0)
out.write(buffer, 0 , len);
in.close();
out.close();
fileitem.delete();
writer.print("上传文件成功!<br />");
}
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
4.启动项目,查看运行结果
将chapter12项目发布到Tomcat服务器中,并启动服务器,通过浏览器访问地址“http://localhost:8888/chapter12/form.jsp”,浏览器显示的结果如图
在图所示的Form表单中,填写上传者信息“pidan”,并且选择好需要上传的文件后,浏览器的显示界面如图
单击【上传】按钮,进行文件上传,文件成功上传后,浏览器的界面如图
至此,将文件上传到服务器的功能已经实现了。由于项目发布目录配置在Tomcat的webapps中,可以去webapps中的chapter12项目中查看。
实现文件下载
1.创建下载页面
在chapter12项目的WebContent目录下创建下载页面download.jsp,该页面中编写了一个用于下载的链接。
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@page import="java.net.URLEncoder"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>文件下载</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="/chapter12/DownloadServlet?filename=1.jpg">文件下载</a>
<br/><br/><br/>
</body>
</html>
2.创建Servlet
在pidan.fileupload包中创建DownloadServlet类,该类主要用于设置所要下载的文件以及文件在浏览器中的打开方式。
package pidan.fileupload;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
@WebServlet("/DownloadServlet")
public class DownloadServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
String filename =request.getParameter("filename");
filename = new String(filename.trim().getBytes("iso8859-1"),"UTF-8");
String folder = "/download/";
response.addHeader("Content-Type", "application/octet-stream");
response.addHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename=" + filename);
InputStream in = getServletContext().getResourceAsStream(folder+filename);
OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int len;
while((len = in.read(buffer))!= -1) {
out.write(buffer ,0,len);
}
}
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
3.创建下载目录及文件
在项目的WebContent目录下创建一个名称为download的文件夹(Folder),在该文件夹
中放置一个名称为“1.jpg”的图片文件。
4.启动项目,查看结果
启动Tomcat 服务器,通过浏览器访问地址“http:/localhost:8080/chapter12/download.jsp”成功后,浏览器的显示界面如图
单击图中的【文件下载】链接,浏览器的显示结果如图
从图中可以看出,浏览器窗口弹出一个文件下载的提示框,单击该对话框的【保存】按钮即可完成文件的下载。
需要注意的是,如果浏览器中安装了某些特殊插件,可能不会弹出文件下载的对话框,而是直接开始下载文件。